Změny aminokyselinového spektra kravského mleziva v průběhu prvních 72 hodin po porodu

ACTA UNI VERS ITATIS AGRICULTURAE ET SILVICULTURAE MENDELIANAE BRUNENSIS SBORNI K MENDELOVY ZEMEDELSKE A LESNICKE UNIVERZITY V BRNE Rocnfk LV 10 Cislo 1, 2007 CHAN GE S INAMINOACIDS COMPOSITION OF COWS COL OST RUM(DURING FIRST 72 HOURS AFTER PARTURITION) S. Kracmar,F.Burika,I. Hoza, L. Cechova, P. Valasek Received: October 9,2006 Abstract KRACMAR, S., BuNKA , F., HOZA , 1. , CECHOV A, L., VALAsEK, P.: Changes in amino acids composition of cows colostrum (duringfirst 72 hours after parturition). Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun., 2007, LV, No.1 , pp. 81-94 Changes in amino acid spectrum of colostrum within the period of 2 to 72 hours postpartum were studied in dairy cows of the Czech Red Pied cattle with a genetic admixture of Black Pied Low land breed (n =10). Five of them were on the 1st lactation and 5 on the 2nd and/or higher lactations.Within the study period, the contents of non-essential amino acids (NEAA) and essential amino acids (EAA) decreased by 22.8-63.2% and 27.3-65.2% ,resp., in dairy cows on the 1st lactation while in those on the 2nd and following lactations the corresponding values were 22 .0-63.7% and 24.971.7%, respectively. The dependence of the course of changes in the AA spectrum of cow's colostrum on the time interval elapsing after the parturition could be characterised by a regression equation y=bo+ b/x + b/x 2• dairy cows, colostrum, amino acids, regression analysis Milk is a complex biological system, in which its individual components occur in different ratios and in mutual relationships. Basing on results of long-term studieson milk composition of different animal species was possible to define average contents of individual milk components,their variability and (in the majority of cases) also their chemical composition. Crude protein is the most complicated component of both colostrum and milk. Regarding their nutritional and technological importance, these are the most studied milk components at all and it can be said that composition of milk protein is to a great degree dependent on the stage of lactation,season, breed, health condition of animals and method of milking. Indifferent animal species,production of colostrum and milk is determined by a number of physiological processes, which take place under completely concrete conditions and in dependence on mother's genotype .Proportions of individual colostrum and milk components are typical for each breed and each ani81 mal species. A good knowledge of milk and colostrum composition, variability in levels of their individual components and relationships existing among them enable us to estimate expected changes as induced by internal and external factors with agreater accuracy (Schablin, 1987; Khalil et al. 1992; Saito et al., 1993). The levels of selected biochemical parameters (i.e. proteins, fat, lactose, vitamins A and E, and immunoglobulins) in cow 's colostrum at the moment of the first milking after parturition were studied by Jagos et at. (1985) and Bouda et al. (1988); in goats and sheep asimilar study was performed by Kracrnar et al. (2003, 2005). The aim of this study was to obtain deeper and more exact data about the composition of cow's colostrum within the period of the first 72 hours post par tum in dairy cows on the first as well as on the second and following lactations. 82 S. Kracm ar; F. Bunka,IHoza, L. .Cechova, P. Valasek MATERIAL AND METHODS Changes in the nutritive value of colostrum within the interval of 272 hours after the parturition were followed in dairy cows of the Czech Red Pied breed with an admixture of blood of Black Pied Lowland breed (n =10). Five of them were on the first lactation and five on the second and following lactations. The average live body weights of primiparae females and of dams on the 2nd and following lactations were 500 kg and 550 kg, respectively.The study was carried out during the winter season from November to March. The composition of feeding rations, their nutritive value as dependent on the rank oflacta tion, method of milk sampling, sample preparation and sample preservation were described in our earlier paper(Kraemer & Zeman, 2003). Experimental animals did not show any health problems during the whole study period. Colostrum samples for amino acid determination were adjusted using acidic and oxidative acidic hydrolysis HCl (c =6mol/dm"), The chromatographic analysis of sample hydrolysates was performed in the AAA 400 analyser (manufacturer INGOS Prague, CR) and using Na-citrate buffers and ninhydrin detection (Kracmar et al., 1998) as published in the Off - icial Journal L 206 (Anonymus, 1978) All results were evaluated using the ANOVA variation statistics programme. Correlation matrices and regression functions were calculated according to Snedecor and Cochran (1967) when using the statistical package Unistat, v. 5.I and Office Excel®Microsoft. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The obtained results were analysed separately for the group of primiparous dairy cows and for those on the 2nd and following lactations. Average contents of essential and non-essential amino acids, sum of amino acids (~A A ) , sum of essential amino acids (~EA A) , sum of non-essential amino acids ( ~ N E A A) and sum of Met+Cys ( ~M et+ Cy s ) in colostrum of primiparous females within the first 2 to 72 hours pos tpartumare presented in Tabs I and II. When comparing values recorded 12;24; 36;48 and 72 hours post par tum with those found out 2 hours af - ter parturition (= 100%), the following conclusions were drawn: During the period of investigation, levels ofNEAA and EAA decreased within ranges of22 .8-63 .2% and 27.3 -65.2% , respectively. When comparing the decrease in contents of EAA within the period of 12 h with the initial 100% level (i.e. 2 hours pos t par tum), the following results were obtained: Val >10%; His >25%; Phe, Arg, and Thr >30%; Met; Lys, Leu, and He >35%, and Cys 50%. The corresponding decreases within the interval of 24 h were as follows: Val >35%; His >40%; Phe, Arg, He, Thr, and Leu >50%; Met and Lys >55%, and Cys >65%. Within the interval of 36 h, the following decreases were observed: Val >45%; His >50%; Phe, Arg and Leu >55%; Met, He, Lys and Thr >60%, and Cys >80%. After 48 h, the decrease in EAA levels was as follows: His and Val >45%; Arg, Phe, He, Thr, Leu and Lys >55%; Met >65%, and Cys >80%.After 72 h, the following results were obtained: Val >60%; His, Leu and Lys >65%; Phe, Arg, Thr and He>70%; Met >75%, and Cys >85%. When comparing the decrease in contents ofNEA A within the period of 12 h with the initial 100% level (i.e. 2 hours post partum),the following results decreases were observed: Glu >20%, Ser, Gly and Tyr >25%; Asp and Ala >30%, and Pro >35%. When comparing contents of NEAA after 24 with the initial values, the decreases were as follows : Gly >25%; Ala >30%; Ser and Tyr >35%; Asp >40%, and Glu and Pro >45%. After 36 h, contents of NEAA decreased as follows: Ala >45%; Asp, Ser and Tyr >50%; Glu and Pro >55%, and Gly >60%. After 48 h, the decrease in EAA levels was as follows : Gly and Ala >40%; Tyr >45%; Asp and Ser >50%, and Glu and Pro >55%. Contents of Asp, Glu, Ala and Pro decreased by >65%. Finally, the decrease in contents of Ser, Gly, and Tyr after 72 h was >70%. Average contents of essential and non-essential amino acids, sum of amino acids (~AA), sum of essential amino acids (~EAA) , sum of non-essential amino acids (~NE AA) and sum of Met+Cys (~Met+C y s) in colostrum of dairy cows on the 2nd and subsequent lactations are presented in Tabs III and IV. When comparing values recorded 12; 24; 36; 48 and 72 hourspostpartum with those found out 2 hours after parturition (= 100%), the following conclusions were drawn: During the period of investigation, levels of NEAA and EAA decreased within ranges of22 .0-63.7 % and 24.9 -71.7% ,respectively. When comparing the decrease in contents of EAA within the period of 12 h with the initial 100% level (i.e. 2 hours post partum),the following results were obtained: Val >5%; His >25%; Phe, Arg, and Thr >30%; Met, Arg, Ile and Leu >30%; Leu >35% and Cys >45%. The corresponding decreases within the interval of 24 h were as follows : Val >45%; Tyr >50%; Phe, Met, His and Leu >55 %; Arg, Heand Lys >60%, and Cys >70%. After 36 h, contents of EAA decreased as follows: Val >40%; His >50%; Met, Phe, Arg, Ile, Thr and Leu >55%, Lys >60% and Cys >70%. Ala >45%; Asp, Ser and Tyr >50%; Glu and Pro >55%, and Gly >60%. After 48 h, the decrease in EAA levels was as follows: Val >50%; His >55%; Phe, Arg, Leu and Lys >60%, Met, Heand Thr >65%, Changes in amino acids composition of cows colostrum (during first 72 hours after parturition) 83 and Cys >70%. Gly and Ala >40%; Tyr >45%; Asp and Ser >50%, and Glu and Pro >55%.After 72 h, the following decreases in contents ofNEA A were recorded: Val >65%, Lys >70%, Phe, Arg, Thr , Met, Leu and lIe >76%, and His and Cys >76%. As compared with the reference value (i.e. that recorded 2 h post partum), the contents of NEAA observed in cow's colostrum after 12 h decreased in the following manner : Glu >20%, Ser , Gly, Ala and Tyr >25%, and Asp and Pro >30%. When comparing contents of NEAA after 24 h, the decreases were as follows: Gly, Tyr, Asp , Ser , Glu and Ala >48 %, and Pro >51%. Within the interval of 36 h, levels of NEAA decreased as follows: Ala, Gly, Asp and Tyr >46%; Ser >47%, and Glu and Pro >51%. After 48 h, the decrease in NEAA levels was as follows: Ala and Tyr >50%; Gly and Ala >40%; Tyr >45%; Asp and Ser >50%, and Glu and Pro >55%. After 72 h, the following decreases in contents of NEAA were found out: Asp >65%; Glu, Ala, Tyr, Ser and Pro >70% and Gly >72%. Average contents of essential and non-essential amino acids, sum of amino acids (LAA), sum of essential amino acids (LEAA) , sum of non-essential amino acids (LNEAA) and sum of Met +Cys (LMet+Cys) in colostrum of dairy cows within 2 to 72 h postpartum are presented in Tabs V and VI and in Figs 1-4. When comparing the decrease in contents of individual amino acids within the time interval of 12 h postpartum with the initial value found 2 h after the parturition (100 %) it was concluded that in primiparous dairy cows this decrease in contents of EAA was always steeperthan in dairy cows on the 2nd and subsequent lactations. With exception of Met and Lys, a similartendency was found out also 72 h postpartum. Essential amino acids His, Phe, Arg, lIe, Thr, and Val showeda similartrend 36 h postpartum.As far as Leu was concerned, an identical tendency was found out inall dairy cows 12; 24; and 36 h postpartum, while in Lyswithin the interval of24 to 72 h and in Met 12, 24, and 72 h after the parturition. In case of Cys no agreement was found out in any time interval. As compared with older dairy cows, in primiparae the decrease in contents of AA was always steeper: as compared with the contents recorded 2 h after parturition (100%), lower Cys levels were recorded 12; 36 and 72 h, in case of Met 36 and 48 h, and in case of His, Phe, Arg , lIe, Thr, Val, and Lys 12 h postpartum. Alower decrease in the level of Cys was observed 24 and 48 h postpartum, in levels of His, Phe, Arg, lIe, Thr and Val 24 to 72 h post partum and in that of Leu 48 and 72 h postpartum. As far as NEAA were concerned, asimilardecrease in the level of Gly was found out after 12 h, in levels of Asp and Tyr after 12 and 72 h, in levels of Ser and Ala after 12; 36 a 72 h, in the level ofGlu after 12; 48 and 72 h and in that of Pro 12 and 36 to 72 hpost partum. In primiparous dairy cows afaster decrease was recorded in levels of Asp , Glu, Gly and Tyr 36 h post partum and a slower decrease in levels ofGlu and Pro 24 h post partum, in those of Asp, Ala, Tyr and Ser 24 and 48 h postpartum and in that of Gly 24; 48 and 72 h postpartum. Kraemer et at. (1997) concluded that 12 h postpartum the average content of amino acids decreases by approximately 25% as compared with values found out 2 h after the parturition; after 24; 36 and 48 hours, their contents decreased by ca 50% , 52% , and 5460%, respectively.Similar results were obtained also in this experiment. The dependence of changes in contents of amino acids in colostrum of primiparous and/or older dairy cows within different time intervals post partum can be expressed by the regression equation y=bo+ b /x + b /x 2•Aggregate values are presented in Tabs V IIIX. Contents of amino acids in milk protein show ahigh degree of variability. Acco rding to Polansky (1988), contents of amino acids in colostrum and milk can be influenced by quality of feeds (e.g. by silage of inferior quality) as well as by some other factors. Limit values observed in this study corresponded with data published by Sebela et at. (1976),Boros (1988),Grieger et at. (1990) and Zeman et at. (1995) for the conditions of the Czech Republic and for Slovakia. I: Dynamics of changes in content of essential amino acids in colostrum ojprim iparous dairy cows within thefirst 272h after parturition (mg/IOOml) 00 .I>- THR YAL ILE LEU PHE hour mean±S.D. CY(%) mean±S.D. CY(%) mean±S.D. CY(%) mean±S.D. CY(%) mean±S.D. CY(%) 2761.1 ± 31.37 9.2 637.2 ± 35.82 16.0 668.0 ± 22.98 7.7 1146.0± 27.75 5.4 6\ 5.2 ± 24.60 8.9 12 564.7 ± 36.08 \4.6 663.4 ± 23.94 8.1 448.3 ± 22.52 6.2 776.0 ± 24.03 6.9 440.4 ± 26.98 13.7 24 395.4 ± 23.9\ 13.5 4 77.5±48.13 22.5 342.5 ± 35.83 23.4 569 .6± 17.71 7.0 3\5.3 ± 29.86 \3.5 36 363.8 ± 28.87 \7.7 432.9 ± 29.83 15.4 309.0 ± 32.84 23.8 536.3 ± 35.06 14.6 277.6 ± 27.58 \3.8 48 366.7 ± 28.47 14.2 4\4.3 ± 38.05 20.5 307.5 ± 31.14 22.6 542.7 ± 38.60 15.9 300.0 ± 22.68 16.9 !=':l 72 238.1 ± 24.9\ 23.4 3\2 .0 ± 33.20 23.8 204.1 ± 40.6\ 24.5 436.0 ± 25.05 12.8 198.3 ± 28.10 13.7 ~ ~, ~ ' ~ , "" HIS LYS ARG CYS MET ~ hour b:l mean±S.D. CY(%) mean±S.D. CY(%) mean±S.D. CY(%) mean±S.D. CY(%) mean±S.D. CY(%) ~ ;:s. 2466.3 ± 37.27 \7.9 1004.4 ± 35.95 8.0 639.8 ± 69.48 \0.5 310.\ ± 16.40 11.8 237.4 ± 13.39 13.8 "'"" ,~ 12 353.7 ± 38.03 24.0 691.8 ± 25.36 8.2 45\ .3 ± 44.54 12.2 161.0 ± 14.13 \5.7 164.7 ± 14.\9 ~ 15.7 ~ 24 277.6 ± 21.67 \7.5 492.4 ± 21.62 9.8 329.5 ± 33.\ 0 22.5 108. 7± \1.43 12.9 \16.7 ± 1 I.I 8 12.3 '" , ~ 36 237.7 ± 22 .\6 20.8 445.2 ± 24.83 \2.5 303.4 ± 16.86 12.4 73.9 ± \1.04 13.1 102.4 ± 10.74 16.0 !:""" 48 254.8 ± 20 .\8 \7.6 444.8 ± 39.74 20.0 303.7 ± 33.99 25.0 82.\ ± \1.93 \3.3 86.2 ± \8.78 21.8 (J . Cll 72 161.1 ± 13.38 14.7 369.6 ± \7.42 10.5 222.3 ± 24.67 24.8 50.9 ± 6.05 12.6 62.9 ± 24.56 18.7 s c ~ ,~, ~ LCYS+MET LEAK LAK ~ ..... hour ~, ">. mean±S.D. CY(%) mean±S.D. CY(%) mean±S.D. CY(%) Cll "'"" 2 547.5 ± 57.54 10.5 6485.4 ± 11 0.2\ \8.9 12448.2± \80.50 \9.0 12 325.7 ± 14.81 13.3 4715.3 ± 32.08 16.8 9319 .6± 115.80 13.8 24 225.4 ± 12.26 12.2 3425.1 ± 60.97 14.0 7132.4 ± 129.73 19.0 36 176.4 ± 7.65 9.7 3082.3 ± 92.90 \6.7 6059.3 ± 121.16 18.0 48 168.2 ± \2.96 17.2 3102.7 ± 144.44 10.4 6155.7 ± 123.51 18.6 72 113.9 ± 12.78 15.5 2255.4 ± 68.10 16.3 4448.9 ± 63.38 14.2 II: Dynamics of changes in content of non -essential amino acids in in colostrum of primiparous dairy cows within thefirst 272 h after parturition (mg /JOO ml) ASP SER GLU PRO hour CV(%) CV(%) mean±S.D. CV(%) mean±S.D. CV(%) mean±S.D.mean±S.D. 2802.9 ± 35.62 9.9 677.4 ± 15.11 5.0 2252.1 ± 311.62 30.9 991.0 ± 22.31 5.0 12 598.1 ± 50.77 18.9 534.5 ± 25.51 10.7 1860.9 ± 177.88 21.4 695.6 ± 45.82 14.7 24 427.8 ± 30.42 15.9 366.0 ± 20.52 12.5 1262.6 ± 171.40 30.4 488.5 ± 29.63 13.5 36 433.9 ± 44.71 23.1 363.4 ± 41.18 25.3 1183.8 ± 255.27 48.2 494.0 ± 42.78 19.3 48 395.7 ± 27.68 15.6 312.5 ± 29.17 20.8 1078.7 ± 199.65 41.4 470.1 ± 50.59 24.1 72 296.6 ± 30.44 22.9 231.5 ± 31.19 30.0 850.1 ± 32.10 8.4 387.4 ± 30.02 17.5 GLY ALA TYR ~ NEAK hour mean±S.D. CV(%) mean±S.D. CV(%) mean±S.D. CV(%) mean±S.D. CV(%) 2 284.8 ± 35.74 28.1 374.4 ± 22.43 13.4 552.6 ± 32.61 13.2 5935.2 ± 104.71 10.3 12 227.3 ± 22.63 22.3 281.7 ± 25.11 19.9 430.0 ± 51.68 26.8 4628.0 ± 83.25 8.5 24 154.4 ± 26.01 37.7 203.4 ± 36.33 40.5 288.3 ± 30.62 23.7 3 191.0± 27.96 19.6 36 154.1 ± 18.63 27.1 219.9 ± 23.81 24.2 308.5 ± 26.38 19.1 3157.6 ± 30.65 12.7 48 138.0 ± 33.91 41.8 191.2 ± 8.03 9.7 279.3 ± 21.19 16.9 2865.5 ± 31.56 14.6 72 81.2 ± 13.25 10.3 130.6 ± 16.63 8.5 176.6 ± 11.52 6.0 2153.7 ± 10.98 11.4 S' 3 S' o ~ 0: en (') o 3 '0 o ~ . .... o' e o ...., (') ~ en (') o 0' en :::t s:: 3 III: Dynamics of changes in content of essential amino acids in colostrum of dairy cows on the 2nd and subsequent lactations within thefirst 2 -72 h after pa rturition 00 (mg/lOO ml) 0'1 THR YAL ILE LEU PHE hour mean±S.D. CY(%) mean±S.D. CY(%) mean±S.D. CY(%) mean±S.D. CY(%) mean±S.D. CY(%) 2759.5 ± 34.47 10.1 725.1 ± 33.13 10.2 659.7 ± 39.60 13.4 1150.5 ± 26.52 5.2 608.2 ± 21.15 7.8 12 593.9 ± 29.31 11.2 689.6 ± 13.52 4.4 471.2 ± 22.65 10.7 795.0 ± 31.77 8.9 456.8 ± 20.16 9.9 24 366.1 ± 47.31 28.9 432.3 ± 23.84 12.3 288.6 ± 48.71 13.7 522.8 ± 26.36 11.3 273.9 ± 28.72 23.5 36 354.5 ± 32.80 20.7 435.4 ± 20.89 10.7 298.4 ± 38.08 26.5 525.8 ± 21.10 8.9 281.3 ± 37.76 18.4 48 303.0 ± 31.73 18.8 372.5 ± 31.40 18.8 260.8 ± 32.79 18.3 494.7 ± 31.14 14.1 258.4 ± 28.35 15.5 Y:l ~ 72 189.5 ± 30.25 13.6 264.9 ± 30.66 25.9 160.0 ± 31.25 43.7 338.7 ± 59.I929.5 149.0 ± 10.14 15.2 l::l. ~ ' l::l ..... ~ HIS LYS ARG CYS MET ttl hour :::: ;:s, mean±S.D. CY(%) mean±S.D. CY(%) mean±S.D. CY(%) mean±S.D. CY(%) mean±S.D. CY(%) ;:.;- .l::l 2459.4 ± 16.47 8.0 993.4 ± 44.43 10.0 631.7 ± 59.24 21.0 290.2 ± 34.86 26.9 229.3 ± 51.11 26.9 :--. 12 359.6 ± 36.59 22.8 724.6 ± 29.23 9.0 466.0 ± 23.18 11.1 166.9 ± 41.84 36.1 165.1 ± 64.02 18.7 ~ N 24 218.5 ± 88.11 9.0 443.7 ± 60.39 30.4 284.0 ± 40.05 21.8 77.8 ± 17.45 3.8 114.1 ± 11.21 Fl 5.9 ~ 36 232.3 ± 45.47 21.5 438.3 ± 30.94 15.8 297.3 ± 26.09 19.6 75.8 ± 6.36 1.8 107.6 ± 8.69 1.8 . (j, ('() 48 207.3 ± 22.02 13.8 410.3 ± 32.60 17.8 268.1 ± 27.51 13.9 65.2 ± 8.08 2.8 91.4 ± 8.61 2.1 l"l ;:sa 72 107.3 ± 17.82 7.3 322.9 ± 26.13 18.1 181.3 ± 25.42 11.1 67.7 ± 2.46 8.0 60.9 ± 9.96 3.7 ~ Fl· :-t:I ~ .... ~CYS +MET ~EAK ~AK l::l. "' , hour ('() ;:.;- mean±S.D. CY(%) mean±S.D. CY(%) mean±S.D. CY(%) 2 519.5 ± 38.29 35.2 6507.0 ± 131.54 40.5 12442.2 ± 137.94 25.0 12 332.0 ± 10.55 7.1 4888.8 ± 153.32 28.1 9516.8 ± 113.24 27.0 24 191.9 ± 6.98 7.7 3021.7 ± 147.72 10.9 6212.7 ± 171.15 13.4 36 183.4 ± 7.48 9.1 3046.6 ± 137.59 10.1 6204.2 ± 115.38 15.0 48 156.6 ± 12.97 8.5 2731.8 ± 132.29 10.8 5597.4 ± 138.71 15.5 72 128.7 ± 12.99 10.5 1842.3 ± 55.22 6.7 3996.1 ± 54.74 13.6 IV: Dynamics of change s in content of non -essent ial amino acids in colost rum of dairy cows on the 2nd and subsequent lac tat ions wi thin the first 2-72 h afte r pa r tur ition (mg /JOO ml) ASP SER GLU PRO hour mean±S.D. CV(%) mean±S.D. CV(%) mean±S.D. CV(%) mean±S.D. CV(%) 2802.9 ± 35.62 9.9 677.4 ± 15.11 5.0 2252.1 ± 311.62 30.9 991.0 ± 22.31 5.0 12 598.1 ± 50.77 18.9 534.5 ± 25.51 10.7 1860.9 ± 177.88 21.4 695.6 ± 45.82 14.7 24 427.8 ± 30.42 15.9 366.0 ± 20.52 12.5 1262.6 ± 171.40 30.4 488.5 ± 29.63 13.5 36 433.9 ± 44.71 23.1 363.4 ± 41.18 25.3 1183.8 ± 255.27 48.2 494.0 ± 42.78 19.3 48 395.7 ± 27.68 15.6 312.5 ± 29.17 20.8 1078.7 ± 199.65 41.4 470.1 ± 50.59 24.1 72 296.6 ± 30.44 22.9 231.5 ± 31.19 30.0 850.1 ± 32.10 8.4 387.4 ± 30.02 17.5 GLY ALA TYR LNEAK hour mean±S.D. CV(%) mean±S.D. CV(%) mean±S.D. CV(%) mean±S.D. CV(%) 2 284.8 ± 35.74 28.1 374.4 ± 22.43 13.4 552.6 ± 32.61 13.2 5935.2 ± 104.71 10.3 12 227.3 ± 22.63 22.3 281.7 ± 25.11 19.9 430.0 ± 51.68 26.8 4628.0 ± 83.25 8.5 24 154.4 ± 26.01 37.7 203.4 ± 36.33 40.5 288.3 ± 30.62 23.7 3191.0± 27.96 19.6 36 154.1 ± 18.63 27.1 219.9 ± 23.81 24.2 308.5 ± 26.38 19.1 3 157.6± 30.65 12.7 48 138.0 ± 33.91 41.8 191.2 ± 8.03 9.7 279.3 ± 21.19 16.9 2865.5 ± 31.56 14.6 72 81.2 ± 13.25 10.3 130.6 ± 16.63 8.5 176.6 ± 11.52 6.0 2153.7 ± 10.98 11.4 00 -..l Y:Dynamics of changes in content of essential amino acids in cow scolostrum within the ji rst 272h after parturition (mg /IOO ml) 00 00 THR YAL ILE LEU PHE hour mean±S.D. CY(%) mean±S.D. CY(%) mean±S.D. CY(%) mean±S.D. CY(%) mean±S.D. CY(%) 2760.3 ± 22.14 19.2 681.1 ± 14.74 16.8 663.8 ± 25.62 12.2 11 48.3 ± 19.61 15.4 611.7 ± 19.26 10.0 12 579.3 ± 53.45 29.2 676.5 ± 45.61 21.3 459.7 ± 42.52 29.3 785.5 ± 36.76 14.8 448.6 ± 31.61 22.3 24 380.7 ± 54.86 24.8 454.9 ± 79.35 25.9 315.5 ± 39.43 19.4 546.2 ± 79.46 46.0 294.6 ± 27.43 17.9 36 359.3 ± 81.39 22.7 434.1 ± 55.88 12.9 303.7 ± 53.74 29.6 531.0 ± 82.38 26.1 279.5 ± 29.28 33.1 48 334.9 ± 35.41 10.6 393.4 ± 73.41 15.9 284.2 ± 55.51 18.9 518.7 ± 83.22 27.8 279.2 ± 23.82 28.5 VJ 72 213.8 ± 26.26 12.3 288.4 ± 81.05 12.3 182.1 ± 24.47 13.4 387.4 ± 102.14 26.4 173.6 ± 26.35 15.2 ~ 1::> . ~ ' I::> ..... HIS LYS ARG CYS MET ~ hour to mean±S.D. CY(%) mean±S.D. CY(%) mean±S.D. CY(%) mean±S.D. CY(%) mean±S.D. CY(%) ::: ::s , ;.;- 2 462.9 ± 22.40 15.3 998.9 ± 32.53 10.3 635.7 ± 54.40 27.0 300.2 ± 37.67 39.7 233.3 ± 31.85 43.2 . 1::> ~ 12 356.7 ± 26.77 23.7 708.2 ± 57.60 25.7 458.6 ± 31.14 23.5 163.9 ± 29.44 56.7 164.9 ± 36.09 40.1 ~ 24 248.1 ± 31.37 12.6 468.0 ± 46.55 28.8 306.7 ± 37.96 28.2 93.2 ± 16.46 25.6 115.4 ± 27.84 24.0 .1::> 36 235.0 ± 25.53 23.4 441.8 ± 21.97 15.7 300.3 ± 27.81 18.8 74.9 ± 20.06 27.5 105.0 ± 32.72 10.2 ~ . 48 231.0 ± 25.43 21.1 427.5 ± 19.73 16.3 285.9 ± 20.68 17.2 73.6 ± 28.96 12.4 88.8 ± 33.01 10.4 (J , (\) (') 72 134.2 ± 28.88 21.5 346.3 ± 25.09 17.3 201.8 ± 22.23 11.0 59.3 ± 28.89 15.0 61.9 ± 38.12 6.2 ::so ..:: . 1::>. :-tl LCYS+MET LEAK LAK ~ -- hour 1::>. ,,>, mean±S.D. CY(%) mean±S.D. CY(%) mean±S.D. CY(%) (\) ;.;- 2533.5 ± 61.67 36.6 6496.2 ±88.52 43.0 12445.2 ± 83.33 21.0 12 328.9 ± 55.67 53.5 4802.0 ± 95.42 20.1 9418.2 ± 134.12 19.5 24 208.6 ± 56.96 28.6 3223.4 ± 67.66 16.6 6672.5 ± 154.29 17.3 36 179.9 ± 40.39 22.5 3064.5 ± 58.29 10.1 6131.8 ± 103.45 16.9 48 162.4 ± 67.11 21.2 2917.2 ± 62.49 6.8 5876.5 ± 95.48 15.1 72 121.3 ± 78.22 17.3 2048.8 ± 43.66 11.4 4222.5 ± 80.88 16.1 VI: Dynamics of changes in content of non -essential amino acids in cows colostrum within thefirst 2 -72 h cfier parturition (mg /IOO ml) ASP SER OLD PRO hour CV(%) mean±S.D. CV(%) mean±S.D. CV(%) mean±S.D. CV(%) mean±S.D. 2806.3 ± 44.39 17.4 679.7 ± 24.04 11.2 2255.2 ± 292.08 14.I 997.6 ± 42.06 13.3 12 598.5 ± 30.85 16.3 534.8 ± 19.58 11.6 1852.2 ± 93.28 15.9 694.7 ± 26.79 12.2 24 465.0 ± 86.56 18.5 408.1 ± 17.06 13.2 1301.0 ± 129.74 31.5 522.0 ± 41.34 16.8 36 421.7 ± 48.94 16.7 361.3 ± 22.83 20.0 1143.1 ± 186.70 51.6 487.4 ± 34.29 22.2 48 409.3 ± 49.15 13.8 330.9 ± 20.65 16.2 1073.9 ± 120.02 35.3 483.6 ± 55.76 26.5 72 290.4 ± 49.80 13.4 225.9 ± 25.99 13.6 875.8 ± 134.74 38.2 381.5 ± 27.01 22.4 GLY ALA TYR LNEAK hour mean±S.D. CV(%) mean±S.D. CV(%) mean±S.D. CV(%) mean±S.D. CV(%) 2290.2 ± 26.58 29.0 368.4 ± 26.51 22.8 551.7 ± 20.83 11.9 5949.0 ± 82.04 14.4 12 228.3 ± 18.22 25.2 276.6 ± 23.67 27.1 431.0 ± 16.86 19.7 4616.2 ± 108.70 17.4 24 193.7 ± 13.22 21.6 234.9 ± 25.16 14.6 324.4 ± 22.16 11 .8 3449.1 ± 87.12 17.9 36 142.6 ± 13.43 19.4 211.8 ± 10.54 14.9 299.3 ± 35.05 27.1 3067.3 ± 107.93 25.2 48 157.8 ± 22.48 14.3 208.6 ± 18.81 19.0 295.2 ± 54.35 28.2 2959.3 ± 114.32 26.9 72 88.3 ± 32.02 11.5 . 132.5 ± 16.22 13.9 179.3 ± 25.86 24.6 2173.7 ± 142.62 20.7 o ::r § 0C1 (J) C/l S' 3 S' o ~ 0: C/l (") o 3 '0 o ~. .... o' :::3 o ...., n ~ C/l o o 0' C/l 2' 3 ,-., 0s:: ..., S' 0C1 ::n ..., C/l .... -..J IV ::r o s:: ..., C/l ~ ~ ..., '0 ~ ::!• .... o' :::3 '-"