Protein intake and obesity in schoolchildren

International Journal of Obesity Abstracts S213 T5:PS.138 Dietary Behaviors and their relationship with overweight/obesity in adolescents of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam7 Hong Tang K.1,Michael J. Dibley2, David Sibbritt3, Trang Nguyen H.H.D.1 1Department of Community Health, University Training Centre for Health Care Professionals, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam 2School of Public Health, and George Institute for International Health, University of Sydney, Australia 3Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Newcastle, Australia. Objective: To examine the relationships between dietary behaviors and overweight/obesity among adolescents in urban areas of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Methods: A prospective cohort study starting in 2004 with follow-up assessments at 12 and 24 months after baseline was conducted. Anthropometry, parental and child factors, child dietary behaviour information were collected from 378 boys and 407 girls from 18 j unior hi g h schools usin g questionnaires. Bod y mass index was assessed and overweight/obesity was defined using IOTF cut-offs. Dietary habits of consuming fruits/vegetables, soft-drinks, and snacks were classified as frequently; not frequently or rarely/don’t consume. The frequency of having breakfast was divided into three levels: daily, most days, and seldom/some days. Generalized estimating equations using a hierarchical approach were employed to assess the longitudinal relationship between overweight/obesity and the predictors. Result: After controlling for family factors, age, gender and pubertal status, frequently consuming snacks doubled the risk of being overweight/obesity (RR = 1.7, 95%CI = 1.3, 2.2) and consuming soft-drinks increased the risk three times (RR = 2.7, 95%CI = 2.2, 3.8). In contrast frequently consuming fruit/vegetables decreased the risk of overweight/obesity by 30% (RR = 0.7, 95%CI = 0.5, 0.8) and having breakfast daily decreased it by 20% (RR = 0.8, 95%CI = 0.7, 0.9). Conclusion: The dietary habits of frequently consuming fruits/vegetables were protective against overweight/obesity. Messages to promote consumption of fruits/vegetables as well as having breakfast and too reduce the consumption of snacks and soft drinks appear to be promising themes in future obesity prevention programs in HCMC. 7 Research relating to this abstract was funded by Health Department of Ho Chi Minh City and Nestle Foundation. T5:PS.139 Sedentary behaviour as a determinant of coronary heart disease risk Tigbe WW1, Lean MEJ2, and Granat MH1 1School of Health and Social care, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK 2Department of Human Nutrition, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK Purpose: To establish, whether decreases in time spent sedentar y could reduce CHD risk. Method: Daily activities of 49 walkin g deliver y and 49 office postal workers were measured usin g the activPAL™ activit y monitor for seven continuous da y s. Time spent sedentar y , upri g ht, standin g and walkin g , cadence, step count and ener gy expenditure (MET.h) were obtained. Anthropometric measurements and restin g p ulse and blood pressure ( BP ) were taken. Cardiorespirator y( CR ) fitness was assessed using the 3-min Step Test. Socioeconomic strata ( SES ) were assessed on the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD), scaled 1 to 5. Fastin g blood samples were anal y sed for plasma g lucose, total cholesterol, tri g l y cerides, LDL, VLDL and HDL cholesterol, adhesion molecules, CRP, IL6 and adiponectin. Framin g ham risk scores for CHD mortality were calculated. Multivariate analyses were done for differences and multiple correlations for any associations. Results: There were si g nificant differences in PA and fitness levels between deliver y p ostmen and office staff. Fitness level was si g nificantl y associated with PA ( p < 0.02) and CHD risk factors ( p < 0.04 ) . Time spent walkin g( p =0.02 ) and dail y step count ( p =0.03 ) were inversel y associated with the number of metabolic s y ndrome components present in an individual. Time spent in sedentar y posture was significantly associated with waist circumference ( p =0.01 ) , plasma tri g l y cerides ( p =0.01 ) , VLDL cholesterol ( p =0.01 ) , HDL cholesterol ( p <0.001 ) and adiponectin ( p <0.01) levels. SES was inversely related to PA and Framingham risk score (p =0.04). Conclusion: The associations between deprivation and CHD can be tackled throu g h reductions in sedentary behaviour. Funding: Research relatin g to this abstract was funded b y Glas g ow Caledonian University T5:PS.135 Adherence to the Mediterranean diet in relation to obesity status in children: The CYKIDS study Chrystalleni Lazarou C., Panagiotakos, DB., Matalas A-L. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece There is evidence regarding the association of adherence to Mediterranean diet (MD) to obesity, among adults; however there is no relevant data for any children’s population. We aimed to investigate the association between adherence to MD and obesity status in children. A national crosssectional study among 1140 children (mean age=10.7±0.98) using stratified multistage sampling design, in Cyprus was performed. Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated according to IOTF criteria, from parental reference.Adherence to the MD was assessed by the KIDMED diet score. To test the research hypothesis logistic regression analysis was applied with dependent variable two categories of obesity status, normal weight (NW) vs. overweight/obese (OW/OB), and independent the three categories of the KIDMED score, after controlling for several potential confounders. Compared with low Mediterranean diet adherers, children with high KIDMED score were 80% less likely to be OW/OB [95%CI (0.041-0.976)], adjusted for age, gender, parental obesity status, parental educational level, as well as, dietary beliefs and behaviours. When physical activity was taken into account however, the aforementioned relationship was not significant [OR=0.20 95%CI (0.021-1.86)]. Furthermore, male gender, maternal obesity, and dietary beliefs and behaviours emerged as more significant in predicting obesity in children, compared to their KIDMED score. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet is inversely associated with obesity in children; however other behaviours, and in particular physical activity, seem to be more influential. T5:PS.137 Protein intake and obesity in schoolchildren Moreira, P1,2, Valente, H1, Bessa, M1, Cordeiro, T1, Padrão, P1, Moreira, A3,4, Lopes, C5 1 Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal 2Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal 3 Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal 4 Department of Immunoallergology, University Hospital of São João, Porto, Portugal 5 Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Porto Medical School, Porto, Portugal Background: The influence of protein on the re g ulation of food intake and wei g ht control remains incompletely understood. The objective of our stud y was to assess the association between protein intake and obesity risk in schoolchildren. Participants and methods: The stud y was performed in a convenience sample of 1962 Portuguese school children (49.8% girls), 5-10-year-old (age was 7.5 ± 1.23 y ears ) . Hei g ht and wei g ht were measured accordin g to international standards, and b od y mass index ( BMI ) was calculated. The definition of obesit y was based on average centiles according to the International Obesity Task Force cut-offs. Children’s parents completed a self-administered questionnaire, which provided information on g eneral famil y back g round characteristics, children’s dietar y intake (using a semi-quantitative food frequenc y questionnaire ) , and children’s ph y sical activity. Unconditional lo g istic re g ression models were fitted to estimate the ma g nitude of the association between protein consumption ( ad j usted for ener gy intake ) and obesit y in children, ad j ustin g for confounders ( a g e, breastfeedin g , parental education, dietary fibre, total fat and energy intake). Results: The prevalence of obesit y was 14% in bo y s and 11% in g irls. In bo y s, the p robabilit y of bein g obese increased si g nificantl y for those who were in the hi g hest quartile of protein consumption adjusted for energy intake (OR = 1.70, 95% CI 1.012.85, p = 0.046), even after adjustment for confounders (OR = 1.99, 95% CI 1.133.50, p = 0.017 ) ; in g irls, no association was found between protein intake and obesity. Conclusion: High protein intake was positively associated with obesity in boys.