
    body { margin: 0; background: #f3f4f6; overflow-x: hidden; }
    #page-container { position: relative; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0; overflow: visible; max-width: 100%; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk { display: block; width: 100%; max-width: 100%; margin: 0 auto 24px auto; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: visible; box-sizing: border-box; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk-content { width: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: hidden; box-sizing: border-box; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk style { display: none !important; }
    .scieee-lazy-placeholder { width: 100%; max-width: 900px; margin: 12px auto; padding: 18px; box-sizing: border-box; background: #fff; color: #6b7280; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb; font: 13px system-ui, sans-serif; text-align: center; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk.is-loaded { min-height: 0 !important; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk.is-loaded > .scieee-lazy-placeholder { display: none; }
    .pf { margin-left: auto !important; margin-right: auto !important; }
  



/* vim: set shiftwidth=2 tabstop=2 autoindent cindent expandtab filetype=css: */
/*! 
 * Base CSS for pdf2htmlEX
 * Copyright 2012,2013 Lu Wang <coolwanglu@gmail.com> 
 * https://github.com/pdf2htmlEX/pdf2htmlEX/blob/master/share/LICENSE
 */
/* Part 1: Web Page Layout: Free to modify, except for a few of them which are required by pdf2htmlEX.js, see the comments */
#sidebar { /* Sidebar */
  position:absolute;
  top:0;
  left:0;
  bottom:0;
  width:250px;
  padding:0;
  margin:0px;
  overflow:auto;
}
#page-container { /* PDF container */
  position:absolute; /* required for calculating relative positions of pages in pdf2htmlEX.js */
  top:0;
  left:0px;
  margin:0; 
  padding:0;
  border:0; /* required for lazy page loading in pdf2htmlEX.js (page visibility test) */
}
@media screen {
  /* for sidebar */
  #sidebar.opened + #page-container { left:250px; }
  #page-container {
    /* `bottom' and `right' are required for lazy page loading in pdf2htmlEX.js (page visibility test)
     * alternatively you may set width and height
     */
    bottom:0;
    right:0;
    overflow:auto;
  }
  .loading-indicator {
    display:none;
  }
  .loading-indicator.active {
    display:block;
    position:absolute;
    width:64px;
    height:64px;
    top:50%;
    left:50%;
    margin-top:-32px;
    margin-left:-32px;
  }
  .loading-indicator img {
    position:absolute;
    top:0;
    left:0;
    bottom:0;
    right:0;
  }
}
@media print { 
  @page { margin:0; }
  html { margin:0; }
  body { 
    margin:0; 
    -webkit-print-color-adjust:exact; /* enable printing background images for WebKit */
  }
  #sidebar { display:none; }
  #page-container {
    width:auto;
    height:auto;
    overflow:visible;
    background-color:transparent;
  }
  .d { display:none; }
}
/* Part 2: Page Elements: Modify with caution
 * The followings are base classes, some of which are meant to be override by PDF specific classes
 * So do not increase the specificity (e.g. ".classname" -> "#page-container .classname")
 */
.pf { /* page */
  position:relative;
  background-color:white;
  overflow: hidden;
  margin:0; 
  border:0; /* required by pdf2htmlEX.js for page visibility test */
}
.pc { /* content of a page */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  padding:0;
  margin:0;
  top:0;
  left:0;
  width:100%;
  height:100%;
  overflow:hidden;
  display:block;
  /* set transform-origin for scaling */
  transform-origin:0% 0%;
  -ms-transform-origin:0% 0%;
  -webkit-transform-origin:0% 0%;
}
.pc.opened { /* used by pdf2htmlEX.js, to show/hide pages */
  display:block;
}
.bf { /* images that occupies the whole page */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  margin:0;
  top:0;
  bottom:0;
  width:100%;
  height:100%;
  -ms-user-select:none;
  -moz-user-select:none;
  -webkit-user-select:none;
  user-select:none;
}
.bi { /* images that cover only a part of the page */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  margin:0;
  -ms-user-select:none;
  -moz-user-select:none;
  -webkit-user-select:none;
  user-select:none;
}
@media print {
  .pf {
    margin:0;
    box-shadow:none;
    page-break-after:always;
    page-break-inside:avoid;
  }
  @-moz-document url-prefix() {
    /* fix page truncation for FireFox */
    .pf {
      overflow:visible;
      border:1px solid #FFFFFF;
    }
    .pc {overflow:visible;}
  }
}
.c { /* clip box */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  padding:0;
  margin:0;
  overflow:hidden;
  display:block;
}
.t { /* text line */
  position:absolute;
  white-space:pre;
  font-size:1px;
  transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -ms-transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -webkit-transform-origin:0% 100%;
  unicode-bidi:bidi-override;/* For rtl languages, e.g. Hebrew, we don't want the default Unicode behaviour */
  -moz-font-feature-settings:"liga" 0;/* We don't want Firefox to recognize ligatures */
}
.t:after { /* webkit #35443 */
  content: '';
}
.t:before { /* Workaround Blink(up to 41)/Webkit bug of word-spacing with leading spaces (chromium #404444 and pdf2htmlEX #412) */
  content: '';
  display: inline-block;
}
.t span { /* text blocks within a line */
  /* Blink(up to 41)/Webkit have bug with negative word-spacing and inline-block (pdf2htmlEX #416), so keep normal span inline. */
  position:relative;
  unicode-bidi:bidi-override; /* For rtl languages, e.g. Hebrew, we don't want the default Unicode behaviour */
}
._ { /* text shift */
  /* Blink(up to 41)/Webkit have bug with inline element, continuous spaces and word-spacing. Workaround by inline-block. */
  display: inline-block;
  color: transparent;
  z-index: -1;
}
/* selection background should not be opaque, for fallback mode */
::selection{
  background: rgba(127,255,255,0.4);
}
::-moz-selection{
  background: rgba(127,255,255,0.4);
}
.pi { /* info for Javascript */
  display:none;
}
.l { /* annotation links */
}
/* transparent color - WebKit */
.d { /* css drawing */
  position:absolute;
  transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -ms-transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -webkit-transform-origin:0% 100%;
}
/* for the forms */
.it {
  border: none;
  background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.0);
}

.ir:hover {
  cursor: pointer;
}

/* Base CSS END */





/* vim: set shiftwidth=2 tabstop=2 autoindent cindent expandtab filetype=css: */
/*! 
 * Fancy styles for pdf2htmlEX
 * Copyright 2012,2013 Lu Wang <coolwanglu@gmail.com> 
 * https://github.com/pdf2htmlEX/pdf2htmlEX/blob/master/share/LICENSE
 */
@keyframes fadein { from { opacity:0;} to { opacity:1;} }
@-webkit-keyframes fadein { from { opacity:0;} to { opacity:1;} }
@keyframes swing {
  0%  { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  10% { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  90% { transform: rotate(720deg); }
  100%{ transform: rotate(720deg); }
}
@-webkit-keyframes swing {
  0%  { -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); }
  10% { -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); }
  90% { -webkit-transform: rotate(720deg); }
  100%{ -webkit-transform: rotate(720deg); }
}
@media screen { 
  #sidebar {
    background-color:#2f3236;
    /* modified from http://philbit.com/svgpatterns/#crossstripes */
    background-image:url("scieee-document-assets/asset_278c76fec4fbf2399910664b.svg");
  }
  #outline {
    font-family:Georgia,Times,"Times New Roman",serif;
    font-size:13px;
    margin:2em 1em;
  }
  #outline ul {
    padding:0;
  }
  #outline li {
    list-style-type:none;
    margin:1em 0;
  }
  #outline li > ul {
    margin-left: 1em;
  }
  #outline a,
  #outline a:visited,
  #outline a:hover,
  #outline a:active {
    line-height:1.2;
    color:#e8e8e8;
    text-overflow:ellipsis;
    white-space:nowrap;
    text-decoration:none;
    display:block;
    overflow:hidden;
    outline:0;
  }
  #outline a:hover {
    color:rgb(0,204,255);
  }
  #page-container {
    background-color:#9e9e9e;
    /* http://philbit.com/svgpatterns/#thinstripes */
    background-image: url("scieee-document-assets/asset_c60347c0de373fe817019620.svg");
    -webkit-transition:left 500ms;
    transition:left 500ms;
  }
  .pf {
    margin: 13px auto;
    box-shadow: 1px 1px 3px 1px #333;
    /* Needed by IE to make box-shadow works * https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/box-shadow */
    border-collapse: separate;
  }
  .pc.opened { /* used by pdf2htmlEX.js, to show/hide pages */
    -webkit-animation: fadein 100ms;
    animation: fadein 100ms; 
  }
  .loading-indicator.active {
    /* 
     * use 0.01s instead of 0s,
     * since YUI Compressor will change 0s to 0,
     * which is not recognized by Firefox
     */
    -webkit-animation: swing 1.5s ease-in-out 0.01s infinite alternate none;
    animation: swing 1.5s ease-in-out 0.01s infinite alternate none;
  }
  .checked {
    background: no-repeat url(scieee-document-assets/asset_58a067f15ffcfc2435a4b346.png);
  }
}
/* Fancy CSS END */





.ff0{font-family:sans-serif;visibility:hidden;}
@font-face{font-family:ff1;src:url('chunks/assets/font_586e66b7c146049a3553b8db.woff')format("woff");}.ff1{font-family:ff1;line-height:0.938965;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
@font-face{font-family:ff2;src:url('chunks/assets/font_16fa89d5ec02b860018e1a6d.woff')format("woff");}.ff2{font-family:ff2;line-height:0.938477;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
.m0{transform:matrix(0.250000,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-ms-transform:matrix(0.250000,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-webkit-transform:matrix(0.250000,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);}
.v0{vertical-align:0.000000px;}
.ls0{letter-spacing:0.000000px;}
.sc_{text-shadow:none;}
.sc0{text-shadow:-0.015em 0 transparent,0 0.015em transparent,0.015em 0 transparent,0 -0.015em  transparent;}
@media screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:0){
.sc_{-webkit-text-stroke:0px transparent;}
.sc0{-webkit-text-stroke:0.015em transparent;text-shadow:none;}
}
.ws0{word-spacing:0.000000px;}
._4{margin-left:-8.185939px;}
._3{margin-left:-5.706053px;}
._2{margin-left:-4.442401px;}
._1{margin-left:-2.057609px;}
._0{margin-left:-1.008099px;}
.fc0{color:rgb(0,0,0);}
.fs0{font-size:66.000002px;}
.y0{bottom:0.000000px;}
.y2c{bottom:126.289124px;}
.y77{bottom:126.289308px;}
.y2b{bottom:148.108514px;}
.y76{bottom:148.108517px;}
.y5e{bottom:148.108522px;}
.y75{bottom:169.927733px;}
.y5d{bottom:169.927739px;}
.y2a{bottom:169.927912px;}
.y45{bottom:169.927919px;}
.y29{bottom:191.747309px;}
.y74{bottom:191.747311px;}
.y28{bottom:213.566714px;}
.y5c{bottom:213.566894px;}
.y73{bottom:213.566897px;}
.y27{bottom:235.386104px;}
.y5b{bottom:257.205314px;}
.y72{bottom:257.205322px;}
.y26{bottom:257.205509px;}
.y25{bottom:279.024899px;}
.y5a{bottom:279.024908px;}
.y24{bottom:300.844304px;}
.y71{bottom:300.844484px;}
.y59{bottom:300.844486px;}
.y23{bottom:322.663694px;}
.y70{bottom:344.482904px;}
.y58{bottom:344.482915px;}
.y22{bottom:344.483099px;}
.y21{bottom:366.302489px;}
.y44{bottom:366.302497px;}
.y20{bottom:388.121883px;}
.y43{bottom:388.121894px;}
.y57{bottom:388.122074px;}
.y56{bottom:409.941277px;}
.y1f{bottom:409.941280px;}
.y42{bottom:409.941284px;}
.y55{bottom:431.760494px;}
.y6f{bottom:431.760505px;}
.y1e{bottom:431.760678px;}
.y41{bottom:431.760689px;}
.y1d{bottom:453.580075px;}
.y40{bottom:453.580079px;}
.y6e{bottom:453.580087px;}
.y3f{bottom:475.399469px;}
.y1c{bottom:475.399473px;}
.y54{bottom:475.399664px;}
.y1b{bottom:497.218870px;}
.y3e{bottom:497.218874px;}
.y6d{bottom:519.038084px;}
.y3d{bottom:519.038264px;}
.y1a{bottom:519.038268px;}
.y53{bottom:519.038275px;}
.y19{bottom:540.857665px;}
.y3c{bottom:540.857669px;}
.y52{bottom:540.857672px;}
.y3b{bottom:562.677059px;}
.y18{bottom:562.677063px;}
.y51{bottom:562.677069px;}
.y6c{bottom:562.677247px;}
.y17{bottom:584.496460px;}
.y3a{bottom:584.496464px;}
.y50{bottom:584.496466px;}
.y6b{bottom:606.315674px;}
.y39{bottom:606.315856px;}
.y16{bottom:606.315857px;}
.y4f{bottom:606.315863px;}
.y38{bottom:628.135253px;}
.y15{bottom:628.135254px;}
.y4e{bottom:628.135260px;}
.y37{bottom:649.954650px;}
.y14{bottom:649.954651px;}
.y4d{bottom:649.954657px;}
.y6a{bottom:649.954829px;}
.y36{bottom:671.774047px;}
.y13{bottom:671.774048px;}
.y4c{bottom:671.774054px;}
.y69{bottom:693.593264px;}
.y12{bottom:693.593445px;}
.y11{bottom:715.412842px;}
.y35{bottom:715.412849px;}
.y10{bottom:737.232239px;}
.y68{bottom:737.232419px;}
.y34{bottom:759.051629px;}
.yf{bottom:759.051634px;}
.y67{bottom:780.870848px;}
.ye{bottom:780.871032px;}
.y4b{bottom:780.871034px;}
.y33{bottom:780.871037px;}
.y66{bottom:802.690426px;}
.yd{bottom:802.690429px;}
.y4a{bottom:802.690432px;}
.y32{bottom:802.690434px;}
.yc{bottom:824.509827px;}
.y49{bottom:824.509829px;}
.y31{bottom:824.509831px;}
.y65{bottom:824.510012px;}
.y48{bottom:846.329219px;}
.yb{bottom:846.329223px;}
.y30{bottom:846.329228px;}
.y64{bottom:868.148437px;}
.ya{bottom:868.148621px;}
.y2f{bottom:868.148625px;}
.y47{bottom:889.968014px;}
.y9{bottom:889.968017px;}
.y2e{bottom:889.968022px;}
.y8{bottom:911.787415px;}
.y2d{bottom:911.787419px;}
.y63{bottom:911.787599px;}
.y7a{bottom:911.787603px;}
.y62{bottom:933.606810px;}
.y7{bottom:933.606811px;}
.y46{bottom:933.606812px;}
.y61{bottom:955.426026px;}
.y79{bottom:955.426028px;}
.y6{bottom:955.426209px;}
.y5{bottom:977.245605px;}
.y4{bottom:999.065003px;}
.y60{bottom:999.065186px;}
.y78{bottom:999.065192px;}
.y3{bottom:1020.884400px;}
.y5f{bottom:1042.703617px;}
.y2{bottom:1042.703796px;}
.y1{bottom:1064.523194px;}
.h2{height:48.049806px;}
.h1{height:48.082032px;}
.h0{height:1188.000000px;}
.w0{width:918.000000px;}
.x0{left:0.000000px;}
.x1{left:108.000000px;}
@media print{
.v0{vertical-align:0.000000pt;}
.ls0{letter-spacing:0.000000pt;}
.ws0{word-spacing:0.000000pt;}
._4{margin-left:-7.276390pt;}
._3{margin-left:-5.072047pt;}
._2{margin-left:-3.948801pt;}
._1{margin-left:-1.828985pt;}
._0{margin-left:-0.896088pt;}
.fs0{font-size:58.666668pt;}
.y0{bottom:0.000000pt;}
.y2c{bottom:112.256999pt;}
.y77{bottom:112.257163pt;}
.y2b{bottom:131.652012pt;}
.y76{bottom:131.652015pt;}
.y5e{bottom:131.652020pt;}
.y75{bottom:151.046874pt;}
.y5d{bottom:151.046879pt;}
.y2a{bottom:151.047033pt;}
.y45{bottom:151.047039pt;}
.y29{bottom:170.442052pt;}
.y74{bottom:170.442054pt;}
.y28{bottom:189.837079pt;}
.y5c{bottom:189.837239pt;}
.y73{bottom:189.837242pt;}
.y27{bottom:209.232092pt;}
.y5b{bottom:228.626946pt;}
.y72{bottom:228.626953pt;}
.y26{bottom:228.627119pt;}
.y25{bottom:248.022132pt;}
.y5a{bottom:248.022141pt;}
.y24{bottom:267.417159pt;}
.y71{bottom:267.417319pt;}
.y59{bottom:267.417321pt;}
.y23{bottom:286.812172pt;}
.y70{bottom:306.207025pt;}
.y58{bottom:306.207036pt;}
.y22{bottom:306.207199pt;}
.y21{bottom:325.602212pt;}
.y44{bottom:325.602220pt;}
.y20{bottom:344.997229pt;}
.y43{bottom:344.997239pt;}
.y57{bottom:344.997399pt;}
.y56{bottom:364.392246pt;}
.y1f{bottom:364.392249pt;}
.y42{bottom:364.392252pt;}
.y55{bottom:383.787105pt;}
.y6f{bottom:383.787116pt;}
.y1e{bottom:383.787269pt;}
.y41{bottom:383.787279pt;}
.y1d{bottom:403.182289pt;}
.y40{bottom:403.182292pt;}
.y6e{bottom:403.182300pt;}
.y3f{bottom:422.577305pt;}
.y1c{bottom:422.577309pt;}
.y54{bottom:422.577479pt;}
.y1b{bottom:441.972329pt;}
.y3e{bottom:441.972332pt;}
.y6d{bottom:461.367185pt;}
.y3d{bottom:461.367345pt;}
.y1a{bottom:461.367349pt;}
.y53{bottom:461.367356pt;}
.y19{bottom:480.762369pt;}
.y3c{bottom:480.762372pt;}
.y52{bottom:480.762375pt;}
.y3b{bottom:500.157385pt;}
.y18{bottom:500.157389pt;}
.y51{bottom:500.157395pt;}
.y6c{bottom:500.157553pt;}
.y17{bottom:519.552409pt;}
.y3a{bottom:519.552412pt;}
.y50{bottom:519.552414pt;}
.y6b{bottom:538.947265pt;}
.y39{bottom:538.947427pt;}
.y16{bottom:538.947428pt;}
.y4f{bottom:538.947434pt;}
.y38{bottom:558.342447pt;}
.y15{bottom:558.342448pt;}
.y4e{bottom:558.342453pt;}
.y37{bottom:577.737466pt;}
.y14{bottom:577.737467pt;}
.y4d{bottom:577.737473pt;}
.y6a{bottom:577.737625pt;}
.y36{bottom:597.132486pt;}
.y13{bottom:597.132487pt;}
.y4c{bottom:597.132492pt;}
.y69{bottom:616.527345pt;}
.y12{bottom:616.527506pt;}
.y11{bottom:635.922526pt;}
.y35{bottom:635.922532pt;}
.y10{bottom:655.317545pt;}
.y68{bottom:655.317705pt;}
.y34{bottom:674.712559pt;}
.yf{bottom:674.712564pt;}
.y67{bottom:694.107421pt;}
.ye{bottom:694.107584pt;}
.y4b{bottom:694.107585pt;}
.y33{bottom:694.107588pt;}
.y66{bottom:713.502601pt;}
.yd{bottom:713.502604pt;}
.y4a{bottom:713.502606pt;}
.y32{bottom:713.502608pt;}
.yc{bottom:732.897624pt;}
.y49{bottom:732.897625pt;}
.y31{bottom:732.897627pt;}
.y65{bottom:732.897789pt;}
.y48{bottom:752.292639pt;}
.yb{bottom:752.292643pt;}
.y30{bottom:752.292647pt;}
.y64{bottom:771.687500pt;}
.ya{bottom:771.687663pt;}
.y2f{bottom:771.687666pt;}
.y47{bottom:791.082679pt;}
.y9{bottom:791.082682pt;}
.y2e{bottom:791.082686pt;}
.y8{bottom:810.477702pt;}
.y2d{bottom:810.477705pt;}
.y63{bottom:810.477865pt;}
.y7a{bottom:810.477870pt;}
.y62{bottom:829.872720pt;}
.y7{bottom:829.872721pt;}
.y46{bottom:829.872722pt;}
.y61{bottom:849.267579pt;}
.y79{bottom:849.267581pt;}
.y6{bottom:849.267741pt;}
.y5{bottom:868.662760pt;}
.y4{bottom:888.057780pt;}
.y60{bottom:888.057943pt;}
.y78{bottom:888.057949pt;}
.y3{bottom:907.452800pt;}
.y5f{bottom:926.847660pt;}
.y2{bottom:926.847819pt;}
.y1{bottom:946.242839pt;}
.h2{height:42.710938pt;}
.h1{height:42.739584pt;}
.h0{height:1056.000000pt;}
.w0{width:816.000000pt;}
.x0{left:0.000000pt;}
.x1{left:96.000000pt;}
}




    .paper-inline-ad { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 13px auto; max-width: 100%; min-height: 120px; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb; overflow: hidden; }
    .paper-inline-ad-label { padding: 6px 10px 0 10px; font: 10px system-ui, sans-serif; color: #9ca3af; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .04em; }
    .paper-inline-ad-slot { min-height: 100px; }
    .paper-inline-ad--internal { padding: 0; }
    .paper-internal-promo { padding: 14px 16px 16px 16px; font: 13px system-ui, sans-serif; line-height: 1.45; color: #374151; }
    .paper-internal-promo-title { font-size: 17px; font-weight: 800; color: #111827; margin-bottom: 7px; }
    .paper-internal-promo-body { margin-bottom: 12px; }
    .paper-internal-promo-actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; }
    .paper-internal-promo-actions a { display: inline-block; padding: 7px 10px; border: 1px solid #d1d5db; border-radius: 8px; text-decoration: none; color: #111827; background: #f9fafb; font-weight: 700; }
  