body { margin: 0; background: #f3f4f6; overflow-x: hidden; }
    #page-container { position: relative; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0; overflow: visible; max-width: 100%; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk { display: block; width: 100%; max-width: 100%; margin: 0 auto 24px auto; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: visible; box-sizing: border-box; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk-content { width: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: hidden; box-sizing: border-box; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk style { display: none !important; }
    .scieee-lazy-placeholder { width: 100%; max-width: 900px; margin: 12px auto; padding: 18px; box-sizing: border-box; background: #fff; color: #6b7280; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb; font: 13px system-ui, sans-serif; text-align: center; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk.is-loaded { min-height: 0 !important; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk.is-loaded > .scieee-lazy-placeholder { display: none; }
    .pf { margin-left: auto !important; margin-right: auto !important; }
  



/* vim: set shiftwidth=2 tabstop=2 autoindent cindent expandtab filetype=css: */
/*! 
 * Base CSS for pdf2htmlEX
 * Copyright 2012,2013 Lu Wang <coolwanglu@gmail.com> 
 * https://github.com/pdf2htmlEX/pdf2htmlEX/blob/master/share/LICENSE
 */
/* Part 1: Web Page Layout: Free to modify, except for a few of them which are required by pdf2htmlEX.js, see the comments */
#sidebar { /* Sidebar */
  position:absolute;
  top:0;
  left:0;
  bottom:0;
  width:250px;
  padding:0;
  margin:0px;
  overflow:auto;
}
#page-container { /* PDF container */
  position:absolute; /* required for calculating relative positions of pages in pdf2htmlEX.js */
  top:0;
  left:0px;
  margin:0; 
  padding:0;
  border:0; /* required for lazy page loading in pdf2htmlEX.js (page visibility test) */
}
@media screen {
  /* for sidebar */
  #sidebar.opened + #page-container { left:250px; }
  #page-container {
    /* `bottom' and `right' are required for lazy page loading in pdf2htmlEX.js (page visibility test)
     * alternatively you may set width and height
     */
    bottom:0;
    right:0;
    overflow:auto;
  }
  .loading-indicator {
    display:none;
  }
  .loading-indicator.active {
    display:block;
    position:absolute;
    width:64px;
    height:64px;
    top:50%;
    left:50%;
    margin-top:-32px;
    margin-left:-32px;
  }
  .loading-indicator img {
    position:absolute;
    top:0;
    left:0;
    bottom:0;
    right:0;
  }
}
@media print { 
  @page { margin:0; }
  html { margin:0; }
  body { 
    margin:0; 
    -webkit-print-color-adjust:exact; /* enable printing background images for WebKit */
  }
  #sidebar { display:none; }
  #page-container {
    width:auto;
    height:auto;
    overflow:visible;
    background-color:transparent;
  }
  .d { display:none; }
}
/* Part 2: Page Elements: Modify with caution
 * The followings are base classes, some of which are meant to be override by PDF specific classes
 * So do not increase the specificity (e.g. ".classname" -> "#page-container .classname")
 */
.pf { /* page */
  position:relative;
  background-color:white;
  overflow: hidden;
  margin:0; 
  border:0; /* required by pdf2htmlEX.js for page visibility test */
}
.pc { /* content of a page */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  padding:0;
  margin:0;
  top:0;
  left:0;
  width:100%;
  height:100%;
  overflow:hidden;
  display:block;
  /* set transform-origin for scaling */
  transform-origin:0% 0%;
  -ms-transform-origin:0% 0%;
  -webkit-transform-origin:0% 0%;
}
.pc.opened { /* used by pdf2htmlEX.js, to show/hide pages */
  display:block;
}
.bf { /* images that occupies the whole page */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  margin:0;
  top:0;
  bottom:0;
  width:100%;
  height:100%;
  -ms-user-select:none;
  -moz-user-select:none;
  -webkit-user-select:none;
  user-select:none;
}
.bi { /* images that cover only a part of the page */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  margin:0;
  -ms-user-select:none;
  -moz-user-select:none;
  -webkit-user-select:none;
  user-select:none;
}
@media print {
  .pf {
    margin:0;
    box-shadow:none;
    page-break-after:always;
    page-break-inside:avoid;
  }
  @-moz-document url-prefix() {
    /* fix page truncation for FireFox */
    .pf {
      overflow:visible;
      border:1px solid #FFFFFF;
    }
    .pc {overflow:visible;}
  }
}
.c { /* clip box */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  padding:0;
  margin:0;
  overflow:hidden;
  display:block;
}
.t { /* text line */
  position:absolute;
  white-space:pre;
  font-size:1px;
  transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -ms-transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -webkit-transform-origin:0% 100%;
  unicode-bidi:bidi-override;/* For rtl languages, e.g. Hebrew, we don't want the default Unicode behaviour */
  -moz-font-feature-settings:"liga" 0;/* We don't want Firefox to recognize ligatures */
}
.t:after { /* webkit #35443 */
  content: '';
}
.t:before { /* Workaround Blink(up to 41)/Webkit bug of word-spacing with leading spaces (chromium #404444 and pdf2htmlEX #412) */
  content: '';
  display: inline-block;
}
.t span { /* text blocks within a line */
  /* Blink(up to 41)/Webkit have bug with negative word-spacing and inline-block (pdf2htmlEX #416), so keep normal span inline. */
  position:relative;
  unicode-bidi:bidi-override; /* For rtl languages, e.g. Hebrew, we don't want the default Unicode behaviour */
}
._ { /* text shift */
  /* Blink(up to 41)/Webkit have bug with inline element, continuous spaces and word-spacing. Workaround by inline-block. */
  display: inline-block;
  color: transparent;
  z-index: -1;
}
/* selection background should not be opaque, for fallback mode */
::selection{
  background: rgba(127,255,255,0.4);
}
::-moz-selection{
  background: rgba(127,255,255,0.4);
}
.pi { /* info for Javascript */
  display:none;
}
.l { /* annotation links */
}
/* transparent color - WebKit */
.d { /* css drawing */
  position:absolute;
  transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -ms-transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -webkit-transform-origin:0% 100%;
}
/* for the forms */
.it {
  border: none;
  background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.0);
}

.ir:hover {
  cursor: pointer;
}

/* Base CSS END */





/* vim: set shiftwidth=2 tabstop=2 autoindent cindent expandtab filetype=css: */
/*! 
 * Fancy styles for pdf2htmlEX
 * Copyright 2012,2013 Lu Wang <coolwanglu@gmail.com> 
 * https://github.com/pdf2htmlEX/pdf2htmlEX/blob/master/share/LICENSE
 */
@keyframes fadein { from { opacity:0;} to { opacity:1;} }
@-webkit-keyframes fadein { from { opacity:0;} to { opacity:1;} }
@keyframes swing {
  0%  { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  10% { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  90% { transform: rotate(720deg); }
  100%{ transform: rotate(720deg); }
}
@-webkit-keyframes swing {
  0%  { -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); }
  10% { -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); }
  90% { -webkit-transform: rotate(720deg); }
  100%{ -webkit-transform: rotate(720deg); }
}
@media screen { 
  #sidebar {
    background-color:#2f3236;
    /* modified from http://philbit.com/svgpatterns/#crossstripes */
    background-image:url("scieee-document-assets/asset_278c76fec4fbf2399910664b.svg");
  }
  #outline {
    font-family:Georgia,Times,"Times New Roman",serif;
    font-size:13px;
    margin:2em 1em;
  }
  #outline ul {
    padding:0;
  }
  #outline li {
    list-style-type:none;
    margin:1em 0;
  }
  #outline li > ul {
    margin-left: 1em;
  }
  #outline a,
  #outline a:visited,
  #outline a:hover,
  #outline a:active {
    line-height:1.2;
    color:#e8e8e8;
    text-overflow:ellipsis;
    white-space:nowrap;
    text-decoration:none;
    display:block;
    overflow:hidden;
    outline:0;
  }
  #outline a:hover {
    color:rgb(0,204,255);
  }
  #page-container {
    background-color:#9e9e9e;
    /* http://philbit.com/svgpatterns/#thinstripes */
    background-image: url("scieee-document-assets/asset_c60347c0de373fe817019620.svg");
    -webkit-transition:left 500ms;
    transition:left 500ms;
  }
  .pf {
    margin: 13px auto;
    box-shadow: 1px 1px 3px 1px #333;
    /* Needed by IE to make box-shadow works * https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/box-shadow */
    border-collapse: separate;
  }
  .pc.opened { /* used by pdf2htmlEX.js, to show/hide pages */
    -webkit-animation: fadein 100ms;
    animation: fadein 100ms; 
  }
  .loading-indicator.active {
    /* 
     * use 0.01s instead of 0s,
     * since YUI Compressor will change 0s to 0,
     * which is not recognized by Firefox
     */
    -webkit-animation: swing 1.5s ease-in-out 0.01s infinite alternate none;
    animation: swing 1.5s ease-in-out 0.01s infinite alternate none;
  }
  .checked {
    background: no-repeat url(scieee-document-assets/asset_58a067f15ffcfc2435a4b346.png);
  }
}
/* Fancy CSS END */





.ff0{font-family:sans-serif;visibility:hidden;}
@font-face{font-family:ff1;src:url('chunks/assets/font_ff7e6bbae4cd3792399ad086.woff')format("woff");}.ff1{font-family:ff1;line-height:1.030273;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
@font-face{font-family:ff2;src:url('chunks/assets/font_55a3016b76014805103b5d46.woff')format("woff");}.ff2{font-family:ff2;line-height:0.980957;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
@font-face{font-family:ff3;src:url('chunks/assets/font_8df327130efdf3613b2bf12a.woff')format("woff");}.ff3{font-family:ff3;line-height:1.021484;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
@font-face{font-family:ff4;src:url('chunks/assets/font_76df543d961301b91c94c562.woff')format("woff");}.ff4{font-family:ff4;line-height:0.854492;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
@font-face{font-family:ff5;src:url('chunks/assets/font_acfd493bbc20195ec11856a9.woff')format("woff");}.ff5{font-family:ff5;line-height:1.005859;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
@font-face{font-family:ff6;src:url('chunks/assets/font_472216c7abd038d0c89bd2d3.woff')format("woff");}.ff6{font-family:ff6;line-height:0.739746;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
.m1{transform:matrix(0.237173,0.000000,-0.079050,0.237173,0,0);-ms-transform:matrix(0.237173,0.000000,-0.079050,0.237173,0,0);-webkit-transform:matrix(0.237173,0.000000,-0.079050,0.237173,0,0);}
.m0{transform:matrix(0.250000,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-ms-transform:matrix(0.250000,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-webkit-transform:matrix(0.250000,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);}
.v1{vertical-align:-27.000000px;}
.v2{vertical-align:-18.150000px;}
.v0{vertical-align:0.000000px;}
.ls9{letter-spacing:-1.434000px;}
.ls4{letter-spacing:-0.726000px;}
.ls3{letter-spacing:0.000000px;}
.ls7{letter-spacing:0.690000px;}
.ls5{letter-spacing:0.972000px;}
.ls0{letter-spacing:1.374000px;}
.ls6{letter-spacing:3.222000px;}
.ls8{letter-spacing:286.447500px;}
.ls1{letter-spacing:291.052500px;}
.ls2{letter-spacing:291.105000px;}
.sc_{text-shadow:none;}
.sc1{text-shadow:-0.015em 0 rgb(0,0,0),0 0.015em rgb(0,0,0),0.015em 0 rgb(0,0,0),0 -0.015em  rgb(0,0,0);}
.sc0{text-shadow:-0.015em 0 transparent,0 0.015em transparent,0.015em 0 transparent,0 -0.015em  transparent;}
@media screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:0){
.sc_{-webkit-text-stroke:0px transparent;}
.sc1{-webkit-text-stroke:0.015em rgb(0,0,0);text-shadow:none;}
.sc0{-webkit-text-stroke:0.015em transparent;text-shadow:none;}
}
.ws1{word-spacing:-29.534700px;}
.ws7{word-spacing:-28.631700px;}
.ws2{word-spacing:-27.686700px;}
.ws4{word-spacing:-26.312700px;}
.ws5{word-spacing:-26.271000px;}
.ws0{word-spacing:-18.486000px;}
.ws3{word-spacing:-17.514000px;}
.ws6{word-spacing:0.000000px;}
._8{margin-left:-9.738750px;}
._2{margin-left:-8.326950px;}
._6{margin-left:-4.841250px;}
._5{margin-left:-3.679350px;}
._4{margin-left:-2.323800px;}
._1{margin-left:-1.161900px;}
._0{width:1.549200px;}
._3{width:2.711100px;}
._7{width:4.066650px;}
._9{width:5.308768px;}
.fc0{color:rgb(0,0,0);}
.fs6{font-size:61.821910px;}
.fs4{font-size:63.000000px;}
.fs8{font-size:76.052017px;}
.fs5{font-size:94.500000px;}
.fs3{font-size:94.650000px;}
.fs7{font-size:99.768863px;}
.fs2{font-size:108.150000px;}
.fs1{font-size:144.150000px;}
.fs0{font-size:193.650000px;}
.y0{bottom:0.000000px;}
.yc{bottom:18.712500px;}
.y18{bottom:35.775000px;}
.yb{bottom:48.000000px;}
.ya{bottom:77.325000px;}
.y9{bottom:105.487500px;}
.yd{bottom:124.837500px;}
.y8{bottom:134.775000px;}
.y16{bottom:157.530000px;}
.y7{bottom:162.930000px;}
.y15{bottom:186.825000px;}
.y6{bottom:192.225000px;}
.y14{bottom:216.120000px;}
.y5{bottom:228.255000px;}
.y17{bottom:333.000000px;}
.y13{bottom:433.080000px;}
.y12{bottom:462.375000px;}
.y11{bottom:491.670000px;}
.y10{bottom:577.380000px;}
.y4{bottom:591.000000px;}
.yf{bottom:610.050000px;}
.y3{bottom:629.280000px;}
.ye{bottom:642.720000px;}
.y2{bottom:694.695000px;}
.y1{bottom:746.505000px;}
.h7{height:49.203962px;}
.h4{height:50.141602px;}
.ha{height:60.529682px;}
.h6{height:75.212402px;}
.h5{height:75.331787px;}
.h9{height:79.405882px;}
.h3{height:79.999585px;}
.h8{height:86.076416px;}
.h2{height:121.837720px;}
.h1{height:163.675854px;}
.h0{height:810.000000px;}
.w1{width:1439.999979px;}
.w0{width:1440.000000px;}
.x0{left:0.000000px;}
.x1{left:34.949979px;}
.x3{left:127.124979px;}
.x2{left:133.874979px;}
.x8{left:135.224979px;}
.x7{left:142.274979px;}
.xa{left:174.524979px;}
.x4{left:181.154979px;}
.xc{left:236.819979px;}
.x5{left:262.199979px;}
.x9{left:308.594979px;}
.xb{left:316.574979px;}
.x6{left:927.224979px;}
@media print{
.v1{vertical-align:-24.000000pt;}
.v2{vertical-align:-16.133333pt;}
.v0{vertical-align:0.000000pt;}
.ls9{letter-spacing:-1.274667pt;}
.ls4{letter-spacing:-0.645333pt;}
.ls3{letter-spacing:0.000000pt;}
.ls7{letter-spacing:0.613333pt;}
.ls5{letter-spacing:0.864000pt;}
.ls0{letter-spacing:1.221333pt;}
.ls6{letter-spacing:2.864000pt;}
.ls8{letter-spacing:254.620000pt;}
.ls1{letter-spacing:258.713333pt;}
.ls2{letter-spacing:258.760000pt;}
.ws1{word-spacing:-26.253067pt;}
.ws7{word-spacing:-25.450400pt;}
.ws2{word-spacing:-24.610400pt;}
.ws4{word-spacing:-23.389067pt;}
.ws5{word-spacing:-23.352000pt;}
.ws0{word-spacing:-16.432000pt;}
.ws3{word-spacing:-15.568000pt;}
.ws6{word-spacing:0.000000pt;}
._8{margin-left:-8.656667pt;}
._2{margin-left:-7.401733pt;}
._6{margin-left:-4.303333pt;}
._5{margin-left:-3.270533pt;}
._4{margin-left:-2.065600pt;}
._1{margin-left:-1.032800pt;}
._0{width:1.377067pt;}
._3{width:2.409867pt;}
._7{width:3.614800pt;}
._9{width:4.718905pt;}
.fs6{font-size:54.952809pt;}
.fs4{font-size:56.000000pt;}
.fs8{font-size:67.601793pt;}
.fs5{font-size:84.000000pt;}
.fs3{font-size:84.133333pt;}
.fs7{font-size:88.683433pt;}
.fs2{font-size:96.133333pt;}
.fs1{font-size:128.133333pt;}
.fs0{font-size:172.133333pt;}
.y0{bottom:0.000000pt;}
.yc{bottom:16.633333pt;}
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.yb{bottom:42.666667pt;}
.ya{bottom:68.733333pt;}
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.yd{bottom:110.966667pt;}
.y8{bottom:119.800000pt;}
.y16{bottom:140.026667pt;}
.y7{bottom:144.826667pt;}
.y15{bottom:166.066667pt;}
.y6{bottom:170.866667pt;}
.y14{bottom:192.106667pt;}
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.y13{bottom:384.960000pt;}
.y12{bottom:411.000000pt;}
.y11{bottom:437.040000pt;}
.y10{bottom:513.226667pt;}
.y4{bottom:525.333333pt;}
.yf{bottom:542.266667pt;}
.y3{bottom:559.360000pt;}
.ye{bottom:571.306667pt;}
.y2{bottom:617.506667pt;}
.y1{bottom:663.560000pt;}
.h7{height:43.736855pt;}
.h4{height:44.570312pt;}
.ha{height:53.804161pt;}
.h6{height:66.855469pt;}
.h5{height:66.961589pt;}
.h9{height:70.583006pt;}
.h3{height:71.110742pt;}
.h8{height:76.512370pt;}
.h2{height:108.300195pt;}
.h1{height:145.489648pt;}
.h0{height:720.000000pt;}
.w1{width:1279.999981pt;}
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.x0{left:0.000000pt;}
.x1{left:31.066648pt;}
.x3{left:112.999981pt;}
.x2{left:118.999981pt;}
.x8{left:120.199981pt;}
.x7{left:126.466648pt;}
.xa{left:155.133314pt;}
.x4{left:161.026648pt;}
.xc{left:210.506648pt;}
.x5{left:233.066648pt;}
.x9{left:274.306648pt;}
.xb{left:281.399981pt;}
.x6{left:824.199981pt;}
}




    .paper-inline-ad { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 13px auto; max-width: 100%; min-height: 120px; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb; overflow: hidden; }
    .paper-inline-ad-label { padding: 6px 10px 0 10px; font: 10px system-ui, sans-serif; color: #9ca3af; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .04em; }
    .paper-inline-ad-slot { min-height: 100px; }
    .paper-inline-ad--internal { padding: 0; }
    .paper-internal-promo { padding: 14px 16px 16px 16px; font: 13px system-ui, sans-serif; line-height: 1.45; color: #374151; }
    .paper-internal-promo-title { font-size: 17px; font-weight: 800; color: #111827; margin-bottom: 7px; }
    .paper-internal-promo-body { margin-bottom: 12px; }
    .paper-internal-promo-actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; }
    .paper-internal-promo-actions a { display: inline-block; padding: 7px 10px; border: 1px solid #d1d5db; border-radius: 8px; text-decoration: none; color: #111827; background: #f9fafb; font-weight: 700; }