body { margin: 0; background: #f3f4f6; overflow-x: hidden; }
    #page-container { position: relative; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0; overflow: visible; max-width: 100%; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk { display: block; width: 100%; max-width: 100%; margin: 0 auto 24px auto; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: visible; box-sizing: border-box; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk-content { width: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: hidden; box-sizing: border-box; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk style { display: none !important; }
    .scieee-lazy-placeholder { width: 100%; max-width: 900px; margin: 12px auto; padding: 18px; box-sizing: border-box; background: #fff; color: #6b7280; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb; font: 13px system-ui, sans-serif; text-align: center; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk.is-loaded { min-height: 0 !important; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk.is-loaded > .scieee-lazy-placeholder { display: none; }
    .pf { margin-left: auto !important; margin-right: auto !important; }
  



/* vim: set shiftwidth=2 tabstop=2 autoindent cindent expandtab filetype=css: */
/*! 
 * Base CSS for pdf2htmlEX
 * Copyright 2012,2013 Lu Wang <coolwanglu@gmail.com> 
 * https://github.com/pdf2htmlEX/pdf2htmlEX/blob/master/share/LICENSE
 */
/* Part 1: Web Page Layout: Free to modify, except for a few of them which are required by pdf2htmlEX.js, see the comments */
#sidebar { /* Sidebar */
  position:absolute;
  top:0;
  left:0;
  bottom:0;
  width:250px;
  padding:0;
  margin:0px;
  overflow:auto;
}
#page-container { /* PDF container */
  position:absolute; /* required for calculating relative positions of pages in pdf2htmlEX.js */
  top:0;
  left:0px;
  margin:0; 
  padding:0;
  border:0; /* required for lazy page loading in pdf2htmlEX.js (page visibility test) */
}
@media screen {
  /* for sidebar */
  #sidebar.opened + #page-container { left:250px; }
  #page-container {
    /* `bottom' and `right' are required for lazy page loading in pdf2htmlEX.js (page visibility test)
     * alternatively you may set width and height
     */
    bottom:0;
    right:0;
    overflow:auto;
  }
  .loading-indicator {
    display:none;
  }
  .loading-indicator.active {
    display:block;
    position:absolute;
    width:64px;
    height:64px;
    top:50%;
    left:50%;
    margin-top:-32px;
    margin-left:-32px;
  }
  .loading-indicator img {
    position:absolute;
    top:0;
    left:0;
    bottom:0;
    right:0;
  }
}
@media print { 
  @page { margin:0; }
  html { margin:0; }
  body { 
    margin:0; 
    -webkit-print-color-adjust:exact; /* enable printing background images for WebKit */
  }
  #sidebar { display:none; }
  #page-container {
    width:auto;
    height:auto;
    overflow:visible;
    background-color:transparent;
  }
  .d { display:none; }
}
/* Part 2: Page Elements: Modify with caution
 * The followings are base classes, some of which are meant to be override by PDF specific classes
 * So do not increase the specificity (e.g. ".classname" -> "#page-container .classname")
 */
.pf { /* page */
  position:relative;
  background-color:white;
  overflow: hidden;
  margin:0; 
  border:0; /* required by pdf2htmlEX.js for page visibility test */
}
.pc { /* content of a page */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  padding:0;
  margin:0;
  top:0;
  left:0;
  width:100%;
  height:100%;
  overflow:hidden;
  display:block;
  /* set transform-origin for scaling */
  transform-origin:0% 0%;
  -ms-transform-origin:0% 0%;
  -webkit-transform-origin:0% 0%;
}
.pc.opened { /* used by pdf2htmlEX.js, to show/hide pages */
  display:block;
}
.bf { /* images that occupies the whole page */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  margin:0;
  top:0;
  bottom:0;
  width:100%;
  height:100%;
  -ms-user-select:none;
  -moz-user-select:none;
  -webkit-user-select:none;
  user-select:none;
}
.bi { /* images that cover only a part of the page */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  margin:0;
  -ms-user-select:none;
  -moz-user-select:none;
  -webkit-user-select:none;
  user-select:none;
}
@media print {
  .pf {
    margin:0;
    box-shadow:none;
    page-break-after:always;
    page-break-inside:avoid;
  }
  @-moz-document url-prefix() {
    /* fix page truncation for FireFox */
    .pf {
      overflow:visible;
      border:1px solid #FFFFFF;
    }
    .pc {overflow:visible;}
  }
}
.c { /* clip box */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  padding:0;
  margin:0;
  overflow:hidden;
  display:block;
}
.t { /* text line */
  position:absolute;
  white-space:pre;
  font-size:1px;
  transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -ms-transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -webkit-transform-origin:0% 100%;
  unicode-bidi:bidi-override;/* For rtl languages, e.g. Hebrew, we don't want the default Unicode behaviour */
  -moz-font-feature-settings:"liga" 0;/* We don't want Firefox to recognize ligatures */
}
.t:after { /* webkit #35443 */
  content: '';
}
.t:before { /* Workaround Blink(up to 41)/Webkit bug of word-spacing with leading spaces (chromium #404444 and pdf2htmlEX #412) */
  content: '';
  display: inline-block;
}
.t span { /* text blocks within a line */
  /* Blink(up to 41)/Webkit have bug with negative word-spacing and inline-block (pdf2htmlEX #416), so keep normal span inline. */
  position:relative;
  unicode-bidi:bidi-override; /* For rtl languages, e.g. Hebrew, we don't want the default Unicode behaviour */
}
._ { /* text shift */
  /* Blink(up to 41)/Webkit have bug with inline element, continuous spaces and word-spacing. Workaround by inline-block. */
  display: inline-block;
  color: transparent;
  z-index: -1;
}
/* selection background should not be opaque, for fallback mode */
::selection{
  background: rgba(127,255,255,0.4);
}
::-moz-selection{
  background: rgba(127,255,255,0.4);
}
.pi { /* info for Javascript */
  display:none;
}
.l { /* annotation links */
}
/* transparent color - WebKit */
.d { /* css drawing */
  position:absolute;
  transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -ms-transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -webkit-transform-origin:0% 100%;
}
/* for the forms */
.it {
  border: none;
  background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.0);
}

.ir:hover {
  cursor: pointer;
}

/* Base CSS END */





/* vim: set shiftwidth=2 tabstop=2 autoindent cindent expandtab filetype=css: */
/*! 
 * Fancy styles for pdf2htmlEX
 * Copyright 2012,2013 Lu Wang <coolwanglu@gmail.com> 
 * https://github.com/pdf2htmlEX/pdf2htmlEX/blob/master/share/LICENSE
 */
@keyframes fadein { from { opacity:0;} to { opacity:1;} }
@-webkit-keyframes fadein { from { opacity:0;} to { opacity:1;} }
@keyframes swing {
  0%  { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  10% { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  90% { transform: rotate(720deg); }
  100%{ transform: rotate(720deg); }
}
@-webkit-keyframes swing {
  0%  { -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); }
  10% { -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); }
  90% { -webkit-transform: rotate(720deg); }
  100%{ -webkit-transform: rotate(720deg); }
}
@media screen { 
  #sidebar {
    background-color:#2f3236;
    /* modified from http://philbit.com/svgpatterns/#crossstripes */
    background-image:url("scieee-document-assets/asset_278c76fec4fbf2399910664b.svg");
  }
  #outline {
    font-family:Georgia,Times,"Times New Roman",serif;
    font-size:13px;
    margin:2em 1em;
  }
  #outline ul {
    padding:0;
  }
  #outline li {
    list-style-type:none;
    margin:1em 0;
  }
  #outline li > ul {
    margin-left: 1em;
  }
  #outline a,
  #outline a:visited,
  #outline a:hover,
  #outline a:active {
    line-height:1.2;
    color:#e8e8e8;
    text-overflow:ellipsis;
    white-space:nowrap;
    text-decoration:none;
    display:block;
    overflow:hidden;
    outline:0;
  }
  #outline a:hover {
    color:rgb(0,204,255);
  }
  #page-container {
    background-color:#9e9e9e;
    /* http://philbit.com/svgpatterns/#thinstripes */
    background-image: url("scieee-document-assets/asset_c60347c0de373fe817019620.svg");
    -webkit-transition:left 500ms;
    transition:left 500ms;
  }
  .pf {
    margin: 13px auto;
    box-shadow: 1px 1px 3px 1px #333;
    /* Needed by IE to make box-shadow works * https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/box-shadow */
    border-collapse: separate;
  }
  .pc.opened { /* used by pdf2htmlEX.js, to show/hide pages */
    -webkit-animation: fadein 100ms;
    animation: fadein 100ms; 
  }
  .loading-indicator.active {
    /* 
     * use 0.01s instead of 0s,
     * since YUI Compressor will change 0s to 0,
     * which is not recognized by Firefox
     */
    -webkit-animation: swing 1.5s ease-in-out 0.01s infinite alternate none;
    animation: swing 1.5s ease-in-out 0.01s infinite alternate none;
  }
  .checked {
    background: no-repeat url(scieee-document-assets/asset_58a067f15ffcfc2435a4b346.png);
  }
}
/* Fancy CSS END */





.ff0{font-family:sans-serif;visibility:hidden;}
@font-face{font-family:ff1;src:url('chunks/assets/font_ec3ea617971e00f8cadb3149.woff2')format("woff");}.ff1{font-family:ff1;line-height:0.938965;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
@font-face{font-family:ff2;src:url('chunks/assets/font_98e77e7a4ba861f32b53dd1a.woff2')format("woff");}.ff2{font-family:ff2;line-height:0.865234;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
@font-face{font-family:ff3;src:url('chunks/assets/font_fbfdda0528028959e271d025.woff2')format("woff");}.ff3{font-family:ff3;line-height:0.938477;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
.m1{transform:matrix(0.000000,-0.250000,0.250000,0.000000,0,0);-ms-transform:matrix(0.000000,-0.250000,0.250000,0.000000,0,0);-webkit-transform:matrix(0.000000,-0.250000,0.250000,0.000000,0,0);}
.m0{transform:matrix(0.250000,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-ms-transform:matrix(0.250000,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-webkit-transform:matrix(0.250000,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);}
.v0{vertical-align:0.000000px;}
.v1{vertical-align:23.999940px;}
.ls1{letter-spacing:0.000000px;}
.ls0{letter-spacing:122.613750px;}
.sc_{text-shadow:none;}
.sc0{text-shadow:-0.015em 0 transparent,0 0.015em transparent,0.015em 0 transparent,0 -0.015em  transparent;}
@media screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:0){
.sc_{-webkit-text-stroke:0px transparent;}
.sc0{-webkit-text-stroke:0.015em transparent;text-shadow:none;}
}
.ws3{word-spacing:-136.678997px;}
.ws6{word-spacing:-59.999850px;}
.ws7{word-spacing:-16.669880px;}
.ws8{word-spacing:0.000000px;}
.ws4{word-spacing:92.854753px;}
.ws5{word-spacing:143.125378px;}
.ws1{word-spacing:206.305378px;}
.ws2{word-spacing:344.815378px;}
.ws0{word-spacing:353.776003px;}
._7{margin-left:-122.664375px;}
._6{margin-left:-37.051068px;}
._c{margin-left:-3.746250px;}
._2{margin-left:-1.518750px;}
._8{width:114.531064px;}
._9{width:162.132275px;}
._3{width:206.347500px;}
._b{width:334.226250px;}
._d{width:361.209375px;}
._5{width:372.981863px;}
._1{width:381.964965px;}
._4{width:401.152500px;}
._0{width:410.113125px;}
._a{width:460.231875px;}
.fc2{color:rgb(26,26,26);}
.fc1{color:rgb(0,0,0);}
.fc0{color:rgb(77,77,77);}
.fs0{font-size:50.625000px;}
.fs1{font-size:59.999850px;}
.y0{bottom:0.000000px;}
.y9{bottom:7.958329px;}
.y1a{bottom:7.958706px;}
.y2b{bottom:7.960582px;}
.y3b{bottom:7.960959px;}
.y47{bottom:11.714359px;}
.y46{bottom:30.464312px;}
.y45{bottom:49.214265px;}
.y38{bottom:84.226232px;}
.y37{bottom:100.327794px;}
.y3c{bottom:100.735607px;}
.y3d{bottom:122.209048px;}
.y32{bottom:134.584044px;}
.y40{bottom:147.535607px;}
.y39{bottom:162.303130px;}
.y33{bottom:182.424669px;}
.y3e{bottom:199.060608px;}
.y34{bottom:230.265294px;}
.y3f{bottom:275.912168px;}
.y35{bottom:278.105919px;}
.y4b{bottom:303.118992px;}
.y36{bottom:325.946544px;}
.y3a{bottom:336.562146px;}
.y44{bottom:343.328085px;}
.y28{bottom:380.129355px;}
.y27{bottom:396.230918px;}
.y2c{bottom:396.638730px;}
.y2d{bottom:418.112172px;}
.y21{bottom:419.729355px;}
.y31{bottom:443.438730px;}
.y29{bottom:458.206254px;}
.y22{bottom:461.255916px;}
.y2e{bottom:481.140297px;}
.y23{bottom:502.768416px;}
.y2f{bottom:544.182483px;}
.y24{bottom:544.280916px;}
.y25{bottom:585.793416px;}
.y4a{bottom:593.370101px;}
.y30{bottom:607.224669px;}
.y26{bottom:627.305916px;}
.y2a{bottom:632.465646px;}
.y43{bottom:640.328077px;}
.y17{bottom:676.032479px;}
.y16{bottom:692.134041px;}
.y1b{bottom:692.541854px;}
.y10{bottom:709.543416px;}
.y1c{bottom:714.015295px;}
.y20{bottom:739.341854px;}
.y11{bottom:751.323102px;}
.y18{bottom:754.109378px;}
.y1d{bottom:769.534049px;}
.y12{bottom:793.116849px;}
.y1e{bottom:825.052804px;}
.y13{bottom:834.896535px;}
.y14{bottom:876.676221px;}
.y1f{bottom:880.585619px;}
.y49{bottom:897.119291px;}
.y15{bottom:918.469969px;}
.y19{bottom:928.370646px;}
.y42{bottom:935.078002px;}
.y6{bottom:971.935602px;}
.y5{bottom:988.037165px;}
.ya{bottom:988.444977px;}
.yb{bottom:1009.918419px;}
.y1{bottom:1032.840289px;}
.yf{bottom:1035.244977px;}
.y7{bottom:1050.012501px;}
.yc{bottom:1062.498101px;}
.y2{bottom:1102.491848px;}
.yd{bottom:1115.091856px;}
.ye{bottom:1167.671538px;}
.y3{bottom:1172.143406px;}
.y48{bottom:1203.114624px;}
.y8{bottom:1224.274146px;}
.y41{bottom:1232.078019px;}
.y4{bottom:1241.794964px;}
.h3{height:24.990000px;}
.h2{height:36.881104px;}
.h4{height:43.710828px;}
.h5{height:67.710768px;}
.h0{height:1262.834646px;}
.h1{height:1263.000000px;}
.w3{width:171.492000px;}
.w2{width:178.875000px;}
.w0{width:892.913387px;}
.w1{width:893.250000px;}
.x0{left:0.000000px;}
.x4{left:43.361625px;}
.x1{left:50.378813px;}
.xd{left:57.775682px;}
.x13{left:63.239622px;}
.x7{left:66.924185px;}
.x11{left:72.041811px;}
.x2{left:75.536625px;}
.xe{left:82.638188px;}
.x3{left:187.291313px;}
.xf{left:190.989750px;}
.xc{left:462.030373px;}
.xa{left:469.736625px;}
.x9{left:476.781942px;}
.x5{left:490.746000px;}
.x8{left:498.072561px;}
.x10{left:505.512000px;}
.x16{left:507.114748px;}
.x14{left:512.388186px;}
.x18{left:581.093674px;}
.x17{left:584.898940px;}
.xb{left:604.835061px;}
.x15{left:612.217873px;}
.x6{left:677.326500px;}
.x12{left:684.709500px;}
@media print{
.v0{vertical-align:0.000000pt;}
.v1{vertical-align:21.333280pt;}
.ls1{letter-spacing:0.000000pt;}
.ls0{letter-spacing:108.990000pt;}
.ws3{word-spacing:-121.492441pt;}
.ws6{word-spacing:-53.333200pt;}
.ws7{word-spacing:-14.817671pt;}
.ws8{word-spacing:0.000000pt;}
.ws4{word-spacing:82.537559pt;}
.ws5{word-spacing:127.222559pt;}
.ws1{word-spacing:183.382559pt;}
.ws2{word-spacing:306.502559pt;}
.ws0{word-spacing:314.467559pt;}
._7{margin-left:-109.035000pt;}
._6{margin-left:-32.934283pt;}
._c{margin-left:-3.330000pt;}
._2{margin-left:-1.350000pt;}
._8{width:101.805391pt;}
._9{width:144.117578pt;}
._3{width:183.420000pt;}
._b{width:297.090000pt;}
._d{width:321.075000pt;}
._5{width:331.539434pt;}
._1{width:339.524414pt;}
._4{width:356.580000pt;}
._0{width:364.545000pt;}
._a{width:409.095000pt;}
.fs0{font-size:45.000000pt;}
.fs1{font-size:53.333200pt;}
.y0{bottom:0.000000pt;}
.y9{bottom:7.074071pt;}
.y1a{bottom:7.074405pt;}
.y2b{bottom:7.076073pt;}
.y3b{bottom:7.076408pt;}
.y47{bottom:10.412763pt;}
.y46{bottom:27.079388pt;}
.y45{bottom:43.746013pt;}
.y38{bottom:74.867761pt;}
.y37{bottom:89.180261pt;}
.y3c{bottom:89.542761pt;}
.y3d{bottom:108.630265pt;}
.y32{bottom:119.630261pt;}
.y40{bottom:131.142761pt;}
.y39{bottom:144.269449pt;}
.y33{bottom:162.155261pt;}
.y3e{bottom:176.942763pt;}
.y34{bottom:204.680261pt;}
.y3f{bottom:245.255260pt;}
.y35{bottom:247.205261pt;}
.y4b{bottom:269.439104pt;}
.y36{bottom:289.730261pt;}
.y3a{bottom:299.166352pt;}
.y44{bottom:305.180520pt;}
.y28{bottom:337.892760pt;}
.y27{bottom:352.205260pt;}
.y2c{bottom:352.567760pt;}
.y2d{bottom:371.655264pt;}
.y21{bottom:373.092760pt;}
.y31{bottom:394.167760pt;}
.y29{bottom:407.294448pt;}
.y22{bottom:410.005259pt;}
.y2e{bottom:427.680264pt;}
.y23{bottom:446.905259pt;}
.y2f{bottom:483.717763pt;}
.y24{bottom:483.805259pt;}
.y25{bottom:520.705259pt;}
.y4a{bottom:527.440090pt;}
.y30{bottom:539.755261pt;}
.y26{bottom:557.605259pt;}
.y2a{bottom:562.191685pt;}
.y43{bottom:569.180513pt;}
.y17{bottom:600.917759pt;}
.y16{bottom:615.230259pt;}
.y1b{bottom:615.592759pt;}
.y10{bottom:630.705259pt;}
.y1c{bottom:634.680262pt;}
.y20{bottom:657.192759pt;}
.y11{bottom:667.842757pt;}
.y18{bottom:670.319447pt;}
.y1d{bottom:684.030266pt;}
.y12{bottom:704.992755pt;}
.y1e{bottom:733.380270pt;}
.y13{bottom:742.130254pt;}
.y14{bottom:779.267752pt;}
.y1f{bottom:782.742772pt;}
.y49{bottom:797.439370pt;}
.y15{bottom:816.417750pt;}
.y19{bottom:825.218352pt;}
.y42{bottom:831.180446pt;}
.y6{bottom:863.942757pt;}
.y5{bottom:878.255257pt;}
.ya{bottom:878.617757pt;}
.yb{bottom:897.705261pt;}
.y1{bottom:918.080257pt;}
.yf{bottom:920.217757pt;}
.y7{bottom:933.344445pt;}
.yc{bottom:944.442756pt;}
.y2{bottom:979.992754pt;}
.yd{bottom:991.192761pt;}
.ye{bottom:1037.930256pt;}
.y3{bottom:1041.905250pt;}
.y48{bottom:1069.435221pt;}
.y8{bottom:1088.243685pt;}
.y41{bottom:1095.180461pt;}
.y4{bottom:1103.817746pt;}
.h3{height:22.213333pt;}
.h2{height:32.783203pt;}
.h4{height:38.854070pt;}
.h5{height:60.187350pt;}
.h0{height:1122.519685pt;}
.h1{height:1122.666667pt;}
.w3{width:152.437333pt;}
.w2{width:159.000000pt;}
.w0{width:793.700788pt;}
.w1{width:794.000000pt;}
.x0{left:0.000000pt;}
.x4{left:38.543667pt;}
.x1{left:44.781167pt;}
.xd{left:51.356162pt;}
.x13{left:56.212997pt;}
.x7{left:59.488164pt;}
.x11{left:64.037165pt;}
.x2{left:67.143667pt;}
.xe{left:73.456167pt;}
.x3{left:166.481167pt;}
.xf{left:169.768667pt;}
.xc{left:410.693665pt;}
.xa{left:417.543667pt;}
.x9{left:423.806170pt;}
.x5{left:436.218667pt;}
.x8{left:442.731165pt;}
.x10{left:449.344000pt;}
.x16{left:450.768665pt;}
.x14{left:455.456165pt;}
.x18{left:516.527711pt;}
.x17{left:519.910169pt;}
.xb{left:537.631165pt;}
.x15{left:544.193665pt;}
.x6{left:602.068000pt;}
.x12{left:608.630667pt;}
}




    .paper-inline-ad { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 13px auto; max-width: 100%; min-height: 120px; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb; overflow: hidden; }
    .paper-inline-ad-label { padding: 6px 10px 0 10px; font: 10px system-ui, sans-serif; color: #9ca3af; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .04em; }
    .paper-inline-ad-slot { min-height: 100px; }
    .paper-inline-ad--internal { padding: 0; }
    .paper-internal-promo { padding: 14px 16px 16px 16px; font: 13px system-ui, sans-serif; line-height: 1.45; color: #374151; }
    .paper-internal-promo-title { font-size: 17px; font-weight: 800; color: #111827; margin-bottom: 7px; }
    .paper-internal-promo-body { margin-bottom: 12px; }
    .paper-internal-promo-actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; }
    .paper-internal-promo-actions a { display: inline-block; padding: 7px 10px; border: 1px solid #d1d5db; border-radius: 8px; text-decoration: none; color: #111827; background: #f9fafb; font-weight: 700; }