body { margin: 0; background: #f3f4f6; overflow-x: hidden; }
    #page-container { position: relative; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0; overflow: visible; max-width: 100%; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk { display: block; width: 100%; max-width: 100%; margin: 0 auto 24px auto; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: visible; box-sizing: border-box; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk-content { width: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: hidden; box-sizing: border-box; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk style { display: none !important; }
    .scieee-lazy-placeholder { width: 100%; max-width: 900px; margin: 12px auto; padding: 18px; box-sizing: border-box; background: #fff; color: #6b7280; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb; font: 13px system-ui, sans-serif; text-align: center; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk.is-loaded { min-height: 0 !important; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk.is-loaded > .scieee-lazy-placeholder { display: none; }
    .pf { margin-left: auto !important; margin-right: auto !important; }
  



/* vim: set shiftwidth=2 tabstop=2 autoindent cindent expandtab filetype=css: */
/*! 
 * Base CSS for pdf2htmlEX
 * Copyright 2012,2013 Lu Wang <coolwanglu@gmail.com> 
 * https://github.com/pdf2htmlEX/pdf2htmlEX/blob/master/share/LICENSE
 */
/* Part 1: Web Page Layout: Free to modify, except for a few of them which are required by pdf2htmlEX.js, see the comments */
#sidebar { /* Sidebar */
  position:absolute;
  top:0;
  left:0;
  bottom:0;
  width:250px;
  padding:0;
  margin:0px;
  overflow:auto;
}
#page-container { /* PDF container */
  position:absolute; /* required for calculating relative positions of pages in pdf2htmlEX.js */
  top:0;
  left:0px;
  margin:0; 
  padding:0;
  border:0; /* required for lazy page loading in pdf2htmlEX.js (page visibility test) */
}
@media screen {
  /* for sidebar */
  #sidebar.opened + #page-container { left:250px; }
  #page-container {
    /* `bottom' and `right' are required for lazy page loading in pdf2htmlEX.js (page visibility test)
     * alternatively you may set width and height
     */
    bottom:0;
    right:0;
    overflow:auto;
  }
  .loading-indicator {
    display:none;
  }
  .loading-indicator.active {
    display:block;
    position:absolute;
    width:64px;
    height:64px;
    top:50%;
    left:50%;
    margin-top:-32px;
    margin-left:-32px;
  }
  .loading-indicator img {
    position:absolute;
    top:0;
    left:0;
    bottom:0;
    right:0;
  }
}
@media print { 
  @page { margin:0; }
  html { margin:0; }
  body { 
    margin:0; 
    -webkit-print-color-adjust:exact; /* enable printing background images for WebKit */
  }
  #sidebar { display:none; }
  #page-container {
    width:auto;
    height:auto;
    overflow:visible;
    background-color:transparent;
  }
  .d { display:none; }
}
/* Part 2: Page Elements: Modify with caution
 * The followings are base classes, some of which are meant to be override by PDF specific classes
 * So do not increase the specificity (e.g. ".classname" -> "#page-container .classname")
 */
.pf { /* page */
  position:relative;
  background-color:white;
  overflow: hidden;
  margin:0; 
  border:0; /* required by pdf2htmlEX.js for page visibility test */
}
.pc { /* content of a page */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  padding:0;
  margin:0;
  top:0;
  left:0;
  width:100%;
  height:100%;
  overflow:hidden;
  display:block;
  /* set transform-origin for scaling */
  transform-origin:0% 0%;
  -ms-transform-origin:0% 0%;
  -webkit-transform-origin:0% 0%;
}
.pc.opened { /* used by pdf2htmlEX.js, to show/hide pages */
  display:block;
}
.bf { /* images that occupies the whole page */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  margin:0;
  top:0;
  bottom:0;
  width:100%;
  height:100%;
  -ms-user-select:none;
  -moz-user-select:none;
  -webkit-user-select:none;
  user-select:none;
}
.bi { /* images that cover only a part of the page */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  margin:0;
  -ms-user-select:none;
  -moz-user-select:none;
  -webkit-user-select:none;
  user-select:none;
}
@media print {
  .pf {
    margin:0;
    box-shadow:none;
    page-break-after:always;
    page-break-inside:avoid;
  }
  @-moz-document url-prefix() {
    /* fix page truncation for FireFox */
    .pf {
      overflow:visible;
      border:1px solid #FFFFFF;
    }
    .pc {overflow:visible;}
  }
}
.c { /* clip box */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  padding:0;
  margin:0;
  overflow:hidden;
  display:block;
}
.t { /* text line */
  position:absolute;
  white-space:pre;
  font-size:1px;
  transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -ms-transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -webkit-transform-origin:0% 100%;
  unicode-bidi:bidi-override;/* For rtl languages, e.g. Hebrew, we don't want the default Unicode behaviour */
  -moz-font-feature-settings:"liga" 0;/* We don't want Firefox to recognize ligatures */
}
.t:after { /* webkit #35443 */
  content: '';
}
.t:before { /* Workaround Blink(up to 41)/Webkit bug of word-spacing with leading spaces (chromium #404444 and pdf2htmlEX #412) */
  content: '';
  display: inline-block;
}
.t span { /* text blocks within a line */
  /* Blink(up to 41)/Webkit have bug with negative word-spacing and inline-block (pdf2htmlEX #416), so keep normal span inline. */
  position:relative;
  unicode-bidi:bidi-override; /* For rtl languages, e.g. Hebrew, we don't want the default Unicode behaviour */
}
._ { /* text shift */
  /* Blink(up to 41)/Webkit have bug with inline element, continuous spaces and word-spacing. Workaround by inline-block. */
  display: inline-block;
  color: transparent;
  z-index: -1;
}
/* selection background should not be opaque, for fallback mode */
::selection{
  background: rgba(127,255,255,0.4);
}
::-moz-selection{
  background: rgba(127,255,255,0.4);
}
.pi { /* info for Javascript */
  display:none;
}
.l { /* annotation links */
}
/* transparent color - WebKit */
.d { /* css drawing */
  position:absolute;
  transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -ms-transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -webkit-transform-origin:0% 100%;
}
/* for the forms */
.it {
  border: none;
  background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.0);
}

.ir:hover {
  cursor: pointer;
}

/* Base CSS END */





/* vim: set shiftwidth=2 tabstop=2 autoindent cindent expandtab filetype=css: */
/*! 
 * Fancy styles for pdf2htmlEX
 * Copyright 2012,2013 Lu Wang <coolwanglu@gmail.com> 
 * https://github.com/pdf2htmlEX/pdf2htmlEX/blob/master/share/LICENSE
 */
@keyframes fadein { from { opacity:0;} to { opacity:1;} }
@-webkit-keyframes fadein { from { opacity:0;} to { opacity:1;} }
@keyframes swing {
  0%  { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  10% { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  90% { transform: rotate(720deg); }
  100%{ transform: rotate(720deg); }
}
@-webkit-keyframes swing {
  0%  { -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); }
  10% { -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); }
  90% { -webkit-transform: rotate(720deg); }
  100%{ -webkit-transform: rotate(720deg); }
}
@media screen { 
  #sidebar {
    background-color:#2f3236;
    /* modified from http://philbit.com/svgpatterns/#crossstripes */
    background-image:url("scieee-document-assets/asset_278c76fec4fbf2399910664b.svg");
  }
  #outline {
    font-family:Georgia,Times,"Times New Roman",serif;
    font-size:13px;
    margin:2em 1em;
  }
  #outline ul {
    padding:0;
  }
  #outline li {
    list-style-type:none;
    margin:1em 0;
  }
  #outline li > ul {
    margin-left: 1em;
  }
  #outline a,
  #outline a:visited,
  #outline a:hover,
  #outline a:active {
    line-height:1.2;
    color:#e8e8e8;
    text-overflow:ellipsis;
    white-space:nowrap;
    text-decoration:none;
    display:block;
    overflow:hidden;
    outline:0;
  }
  #outline a:hover {
    color:rgb(0,204,255);
  }
  #page-container {
    background-color:#9e9e9e;
    /* http://philbit.com/svgpatterns/#thinstripes */
    background-image: url("scieee-document-assets/asset_c60347c0de373fe817019620.svg");
    -webkit-transition:left 500ms;
    transition:left 500ms;
  }
  .pf {
    margin: 13px auto;
    box-shadow: 1px 1px 3px 1px #333;
    /* Needed by IE to make box-shadow works * https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/box-shadow */
    border-collapse: separate;
  }
  .pc.opened { /* used by pdf2htmlEX.js, to show/hide pages */
    -webkit-animation: fadein 100ms;
    animation: fadein 100ms; 
  }
  .loading-indicator.active {
    /* 
     * use 0.01s instead of 0s,
     * since YUI Compressor will change 0s to 0,
     * which is not recognized by Firefox
     */
    -webkit-animation: swing 1.5s ease-in-out 0.01s infinite alternate none;
    animation: swing 1.5s ease-in-out 0.01s infinite alternate none;
  }
  .checked {
    background: no-repeat url(scieee-document-assets/asset_58a067f15ffcfc2435a4b346.png);
  }
}
/* Fancy CSS END */





.ff0{font-family:sans-serif;visibility:hidden;}
@font-face{font-family:ff1;src:url('chunks/assets/font_385918b7c68362cbc9604c78.woff2')format("woff");}.ff1{font-family:ff1;line-height:1.432129;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
@font-face{font-family:ff2;src:url('chunks/assets/font_f6cd9da949acef88906f6502.woff2')format("woff");}.ff2{font-family:ff2;line-height:0.666000;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
@font-face{font-family:ff3;src:url('chunks/assets/font_d076743a1cf59c97dd2bc6f5.woff2')format("woff");}.ff3{font-family:ff3;line-height:1.284668;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
.m7{transform:matrix(0.226777,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-ms-transform:matrix(0.226777,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-webkit-transform:matrix(0.226777,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);}
.mb{transform:matrix(0.233131,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-ms-transform:matrix(0.233131,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-webkit-transform:matrix(0.233131,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);}
.m9{transform:matrix(0.237696,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-ms-transform:matrix(0.237696,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-webkit-transform:matrix(0.237696,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);}
.ma{transform:matrix(0.246223,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-ms-transform:matrix(0.246223,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-webkit-transform:matrix(0.246223,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);}
.m4{transform:matrix(0.246519,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-ms-transform:matrix(0.246519,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-webkit-transform:matrix(0.246519,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);}
.m1{transform:matrix(0.246896,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-ms-transform:matrix(0.246896,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-webkit-transform:matrix(0.246896,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);}
.m8{transform:matrix(0.247827,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-ms-transform:matrix(0.247827,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-webkit-transform:matrix(0.247827,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);}
.m3{transform:matrix(0.249692,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-ms-transform:matrix(0.249692,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-webkit-transform:matrix(0.249692,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);}
.m0{transform:matrix(0.250000,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-ms-transform:matrix(0.250000,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-webkit-transform:matrix(0.250000,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);}
.m5{transform:matrix(0.250092,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-ms-transform:matrix(0.250092,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-webkit-transform:matrix(0.250092,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);}
.m6{transform:matrix(0.257723,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-ms-transform:matrix(0.257723,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-webkit-transform:matrix(0.257723,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);}
.m2{transform:matrix(0.424068,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-ms-transform:matrix(0.424068,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-webkit-transform:matrix(0.424068,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);}
.v0{vertical-align:0.000000px;}
.v1{vertical-align:1.380000px;}
.lsc{letter-spacing:-1.365021px;}
.ls12{letter-spacing:-1.275320px;}
.ls17{letter-spacing:-1.123217px;}
.ls16{letter-spacing:-1.107617px;}
.ls14{letter-spacing:-0.873613px;}
.ls1d{letter-spacing:-0.854113px;}
.ls1e{letter-spacing:-0.803412px;}
.ls19{letter-spacing:-0.795612px;}
.ls13{letter-spacing:-0.756612px;}
.ls11{letter-spacing:-0.569409px;}
.ls1c{letter-spacing:-0.565509px;}
.ls21{letter-spacing:-0.530408px;}
.ls18{letter-spacing:-0.495308px;}
.ls15{letter-spacing:-0.452407px;}
.lse{letter-spacing:-0.390006px;}
.lsf{letter-spacing:-0.221880px;}
.ls1b{letter-spacing:-0.218403px;}
.lsd{letter-spacing:0.000000px;}
.lsa{letter-spacing:0.200220px;}
.ls20{letter-spacing:0.245704px;}
.ls1{letter-spacing:0.284704px;}
.ls22{letter-spacing:0.343205px;}
.ls7{letter-spacing:0.358806px;}
.ls5{letter-spacing:0.397806px;}
.ls4{letter-spacing:0.421206px;}
.ls10{letter-spacing:0.549908px;}
.ls2{letter-spacing:0.811212px;}
.lsb{letter-spacing:1.062197px;}
.ls6{letter-spacing:1.138818px;}
.ls8{letter-spacing:1.173918px;}
.ls3{letter-spacing:1.466423px;}
.ls9{letter-spacing:1.548324px;}
.ls0{letter-spacing:1.860329px;}
.ls1f{letter-spacing:1.950030px;}
.ls1a{letter-spacing:2.067388px;}
.sc_{text-shadow:none;}
.sc0{text-shadow:-0.015em 0 transparent,0 0.015em transparent,0.015em 0 transparent,0 -0.015em  transparent;}
@media screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:0){
.sc_{-webkit-text-stroke:0px transparent;}
.sc0{-webkit-text-stroke:0.015em transparent;text-shadow:none;}
}
.ws1{word-spacing:-12.016085px;}
.ws0{word-spacing:-10.276658px;}
.ws2{word-spacing:-7.050000px;}
.ws3{word-spacing:0.000000px;}
._0{margin-left:-4.204265px;}
._1{margin-left:-2.159179px;}
._7{width:1.029021px;}
._6{width:2.203950px;}
._3{width:3.276050px;}
._4{width:4.551370px;}
._5{width:7.667518px;}
._2{width:16.427053px;}
._8{width:68.629258px;}
._9{width:76.921140px;}
.fc0{color:transparent;}
.fs7{font-size:28.200000px;}
.fs5{font-size:29.400600px;}
.fs6{font-size:30.000000px;}
.fs0{font-size:37.800600px;}
.fs2{font-size:38.880600px;}
.fs1{font-size:39.000600px;}
.fs4{font-size:43.800600px;}
.fs3{font-size:51.600000px;}
.y0{bottom:0.000000px;}
.y8{bottom:145.800000px;}
.ya{bottom:158.760000px;}
.y7{bottom:158.763562px;}
.y6{bottom:171.000000px;}
.y4{bottom:182.878306px;}
.y5{bottom:182.880000px;}
.y3{bottom:195.495000px;}
.y2{bottom:207.735000px;}
.y1{bottom:220.695000px;}
.y9{bottom:420.855000px;}
.h4{height:25.894480px;}
.h8{height:27.676758px;}
.h7{height:30.823359px;}
.h2{height:39.424845px;}
.h3{height:40.676407px;}
.h6{height:42.987894px;}
.h5{height:53.817187px;}
.h1{height:1236.750000px;}
.h0{height:1236.960000px;}
.w1{width:867.000000px;}
.w0{width:867.240000px;}
.x0{left:0.000000px;}
.x1{left:65.745000px;}
.x2{left:78.495000px;}
.xe{left:103.830000px;}
.xf{left:133.830000px;}
.x10{left:154.605000px;}
.x3{left:163.335000px;}
.x11{left:190.005000px;}
.x6{left:222.750000px;}
.x4{left:224.550000px;}
.xa{left:228.195000px;}
.x7{left:246.555000px;}
.x5{left:247.635000px;}
.xb{left:249.075000px;}
.xc{left:266.355000px;}
.xd{left:286.380000px;}
.x8{left:292.605000px;}
.x9{left:321.015000px;}
.x12{left:757.365000px;}
.x13{left:773.205000px;}
@media print{
.v0{vertical-align:0.000000pt;}
.v1{vertical-align:1.226667pt;}
.lsc{letter-spacing:-1.213352pt;}
.ls12{letter-spacing:-1.133617pt;}
.ls17{letter-spacing:-0.998415pt;}
.ls16{letter-spacing:-0.984548pt;}
.ls14{letter-spacing:-0.776545pt;}
.ls1d{letter-spacing:-0.759212pt;}
.ls1e{letter-spacing:-0.714144pt;}
.ls19{letter-spacing:-0.707211pt;}
.ls13{letter-spacing:-0.672544pt;}
.ls11{letter-spacing:-0.506141pt;}
.ls1c{letter-spacing:-0.502674pt;}
.ls21{letter-spacing:-0.471474pt;}
.ls18{letter-spacing:-0.440273pt;}
.ls15{letter-spacing:-0.402140pt;}
.lse{letter-spacing:-0.346672pt;}
.lsf{letter-spacing:-0.197227pt;}
.ls1b{letter-spacing:-0.194136pt;}
.lsd{letter-spacing:0.000000pt;}
.lsa{letter-spacing:0.177973pt;}
.ls20{letter-spacing:0.218403pt;}
.ls1{letter-spacing:0.253071pt;}
.ls22{letter-spacing:0.305071pt;}
.ls7{letter-spacing:0.318938pt;}
.ls5{letter-spacing:0.353605pt;}
.ls4{letter-spacing:0.374406pt;}
.ls10{letter-spacing:0.488808pt;}
.ls2{letter-spacing:0.721078pt;}
.lsb{letter-spacing:0.944175pt;}
.ls6{letter-spacing:1.012282pt;}
.ls8{letter-spacing:1.043483pt;}
.ls3{letter-spacing:1.303487pt;}
.ls9{letter-spacing:1.376288pt;}
.ls0{letter-spacing:1.653625pt;}
.ls1f{letter-spacing:1.733360pt;}
.ls1a{letter-spacing:1.837679pt;}
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.ws0{word-spacing:-9.134807pt;}
.ws2{word-spacing:-6.266667pt;}
.ws3{word-spacing:0.000000pt;}
._0{margin-left:-3.737124pt;}
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._3{width:2.912045pt;}
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.fs7{font-size:25.066667pt;}
.fs5{font-size:26.133867pt;}
.fs6{font-size:26.666667pt;}
.fs0{font-size:33.600533pt;}
.fs2{font-size:34.560533pt;}
.fs1{font-size:34.667200pt;}
.fs4{font-size:38.933867pt;}
.fs3{font-size:45.866667pt;}
.y0{bottom:0.000000pt;}
.y8{bottom:129.600000pt;}
.ya{bottom:141.120000pt;}
.y7{bottom:141.123166pt;}
.y6{bottom:152.000000pt;}
.y4{bottom:162.558494pt;}
.y5{bottom:162.560000pt;}
.y3{bottom:173.773333pt;}
.y2{bottom:184.653333pt;}
.y1{bottom:196.173333pt;}
.y9{bottom:374.093333pt;}
.h4{height:23.017315pt;}
.h8{height:24.601563pt;}
.h7{height:27.398542pt;}
.h2{height:35.044306pt;}
.h3{height:36.156806pt;}
.h6{height:38.211461pt;}
.h5{height:47.837500pt;}
.h1{height:1099.333333pt;}
.h0{height:1099.520000pt;}
.w1{width:770.666667pt;}
.w0{width:770.880000pt;}
.x0{left:0.000000pt;}
.x1{left:58.440000pt;}
.x2{left:69.773333pt;}
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.x10{left:137.426667pt;}
.x3{left:145.186667pt;}
.x11{left:168.893333pt;}
.x6{left:198.000000pt;}
.x4{left:199.600000pt;}
.xa{left:202.840000pt;}
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.x5{left:220.120000pt;}
.xb{left:221.400000pt;}
.xc{left:236.760000pt;}
.xd{left:254.560000pt;}
.x8{left:260.093333pt;}
.x9{left:285.346667pt;}
.x12{left:673.213333pt;}
.x13{left:687.293333pt;}
}




    .paper-inline-ad { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 13px auto; max-width: 100%; min-height: 120px; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb; overflow: hidden; }
    .paper-inline-ad-label { padding: 6px 10px 0 10px; font: 10px system-ui, sans-serif; color: #9ca3af; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .04em; }
    .paper-inline-ad-slot { min-height: 100px; }
    .paper-inline-ad--internal { padding: 0; }
    .paper-internal-promo { padding: 14px 16px 16px 16px; font: 13px system-ui, sans-serif; line-height: 1.45; color: #374151; }
    .paper-internal-promo-title { font-size: 17px; font-weight: 800; color: #111827; margin-bottom: 7px; }
    .paper-internal-promo-body { margin-bottom: 12px; }
    .paper-internal-promo-actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; }
    .paper-internal-promo-actions a { display: inline-block; padding: 7px 10px; border: 1px solid #d1d5db; border-radius: 8px; text-decoration: none; color: #111827; background: #f9fafb; font-weight: 700; }