
    body { margin: 0; background: #f3f4f6; overflow-x: hidden; }
    #page-container { position: relative; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0; overflow: visible; max-width: 100%; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk { display: block; width: 100%; max-width: 100%; margin: 0 auto 24px auto; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: visible; box-sizing: border-box; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk-content { width: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: hidden; box-sizing: border-box; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk style { display: none !important; }
    .scieee-lazy-placeholder { width: 100%; max-width: 900px; margin: 12px auto; padding: 18px; box-sizing: border-box; background: #fff; color: #6b7280; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb; font: 13px system-ui, sans-serif; text-align: center; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk.is-loaded { min-height: 0 !important; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk.is-loaded > .scieee-lazy-placeholder { display: none; }
    .pf { margin-left: auto !important; margin-right: auto !important; }
  



/* vim: set shiftwidth=2 tabstop=2 autoindent cindent expandtab filetype=css: */
/*! 
 * Base CSS for pdf2htmlEX
 * Copyright 2012,2013 Lu Wang <coolwanglu@gmail.com> 
 * https://github.com/pdf2htmlEX/pdf2htmlEX/blob/master/share/LICENSE
 */
/* Part 1: Web Page Layout: Free to modify, except for a few of them which are required by pdf2htmlEX.js, see the comments */
#sidebar { /* Sidebar */
  position:absolute;
  top:0;
  left:0;
  bottom:0;
  width:250px;
  padding:0;
  margin:0px;
  overflow:auto;
}
#page-container { /* PDF container */
  position:absolute; /* required for calculating relative positions of pages in pdf2htmlEX.js */
  top:0;
  left:0px;
  margin:0; 
  padding:0;
  border:0; /* required for lazy page loading in pdf2htmlEX.js (page visibility test) */
}
@media screen {
  /* for sidebar */
  #sidebar.opened + #page-container { left:250px; }
  #page-container {
    /* `bottom' and `right' are required for lazy page loading in pdf2htmlEX.js (page visibility test)
     * alternatively you may set width and height
     */
    bottom:0;
    right:0;
    overflow:auto;
  }
  .loading-indicator {
    display:none;
  }
  .loading-indicator.active {
    display:block;
    position:absolute;
    width:64px;
    height:64px;
    top:50%;
    left:50%;
    margin-top:-32px;
    margin-left:-32px;
  }
  .loading-indicator img {
    position:absolute;
    top:0;
    left:0;
    bottom:0;
    right:0;
  }
}
@media print { 
  @page { margin:0; }
  html { margin:0; }
  body { 
    margin:0; 
    -webkit-print-color-adjust:exact; /* enable printing background images for WebKit */
  }
  #sidebar { display:none; }
  #page-container {
    width:auto;
    height:auto;
    overflow:visible;
    background-color:transparent;
  }
  .d { display:none; }
}
/* Part 2: Page Elements: Modify with caution
 * The followings are base classes, some of which are meant to be override by PDF specific classes
 * So do not increase the specificity (e.g. ".classname" -> "#page-container .classname")
 */
.pf { /* page */
  position:relative;
  background-color:white;
  overflow: hidden;
  margin:0; 
  border:0; /* required by pdf2htmlEX.js for page visibility test */
}
.pc { /* content of a page */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  padding:0;
  margin:0;
  top:0;
  left:0;
  width:100%;
  height:100%;
  overflow:hidden;
  display:block;
  /* set transform-origin for scaling */
  transform-origin:0% 0%;
  -ms-transform-origin:0% 0%;
  -webkit-transform-origin:0% 0%;
}
.pc.opened { /* used by pdf2htmlEX.js, to show/hide pages */
  display:block;
}
.bf { /* images that occupies the whole page */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  margin:0;
  top:0;
  bottom:0;
  width:100%;
  height:100%;
  -ms-user-select:none;
  -moz-user-select:none;
  -webkit-user-select:none;
  user-select:none;
}
.bi { /* images that cover only a part of the page */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  margin:0;
  -ms-user-select:none;
  -moz-user-select:none;
  -webkit-user-select:none;
  user-select:none;
}
@media print {
  .pf {
    margin:0;
    box-shadow:none;
    page-break-after:always;
    page-break-inside:avoid;
  }
  @-moz-document url-prefix() {
    /* fix page truncation for FireFox */
    .pf {
      overflow:visible;
      border:1px solid #FFFFFF;
    }
    .pc {overflow:visible;}
  }
}
.c { /* clip box */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  padding:0;
  margin:0;
  overflow:hidden;
  display:block;
}
.t { /* text line */
  position:absolute;
  white-space:pre;
  font-size:1px;
  transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -ms-transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -webkit-transform-origin:0% 100%;
  unicode-bidi:bidi-override;/* For rtl languages, e.g. Hebrew, we don't want the default Unicode behaviour */
  -moz-font-feature-settings:"liga" 0;/* We don't want Firefox to recognize ligatures */
}
.t:after { /* webkit #35443 */
  content: '';
}
.t:before { /* Workaround Blink(up to 41)/Webkit bug of word-spacing with leading spaces (chromium #404444 and pdf2htmlEX #412) */
  content: '';
  display: inline-block;
}
.t span { /* text blocks within a line */
  /* Blink(up to 41)/Webkit have bug with negative word-spacing and inline-block (pdf2htmlEX #416), so keep normal span inline. */
  position:relative;
  unicode-bidi:bidi-override; /* For rtl languages, e.g. Hebrew, we don't want the default Unicode behaviour */
}
._ { /* text shift */
  /* Blink(up to 41)/Webkit have bug with inline element, continuous spaces and word-spacing. Workaround by inline-block. */
  display: inline-block;
  color: transparent;
  z-index: -1;
}
/* selection background should not be opaque, for fallback mode */
::selection{
  background: rgba(127,255,255,0.4);
}
::-moz-selection{
  background: rgba(127,255,255,0.4);
}
.pi { /* info for Javascript */
  display:none;
}
.l { /* annotation links */
}
/* transparent color - WebKit */
.d { /* css drawing */
  position:absolute;
  transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -ms-transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -webkit-transform-origin:0% 100%;
}
/* for the forms */
.it {
  border: none;
  background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.0);
}

.ir:hover {
  cursor: pointer;
}

/* Base CSS END */





/* vim: set shiftwidth=2 tabstop=2 autoindent cindent expandtab filetype=css: */
/*! 
 * Fancy styles for pdf2htmlEX
 * Copyright 2012,2013 Lu Wang <coolwanglu@gmail.com> 
 * https://github.com/pdf2htmlEX/pdf2htmlEX/blob/master/share/LICENSE
 */
@keyframes fadein { from { opacity:0;} to { opacity:1;} }
@-webkit-keyframes fadein { from { opacity:0;} to { opacity:1;} }
@keyframes swing {
  0%  { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  10% { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  90% { transform: rotate(720deg); }
  100%{ transform: rotate(720deg); }
}
@-webkit-keyframes swing {
  0%  { -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); }
  10% { -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); }
  90% { -webkit-transform: rotate(720deg); }
  100%{ -webkit-transform: rotate(720deg); }
}
@media screen { 
  #sidebar {
    background-color:#2f3236;
    /* modified from http://philbit.com/svgpatterns/#crossstripes */
    background-image:url("scieee-document-assets/asset_278c76fec4fbf2399910664b.svg");
  }
  #outline {
    font-family:Georgia,Times,"Times New Roman",serif;
    font-size:13px;
    margin:2em 1em;
  }
  #outline ul {
    padding:0;
  }
  #outline li {
    list-style-type:none;
    margin:1em 0;
  }
  #outline li > ul {
    margin-left: 1em;
  }
  #outline a,
  #outline a:visited,
  #outline a:hover,
  #outline a:active {
    line-height:1.2;
    color:#e8e8e8;
    text-overflow:ellipsis;
    white-space:nowrap;
    text-decoration:none;
    display:block;
    overflow:hidden;
    outline:0;
  }
  #outline a:hover {
    color:rgb(0,204,255);
  }
  #page-container {
    background-color:#9e9e9e;
    /* http://philbit.com/svgpatterns/#thinstripes */
    background-image: url("scieee-document-assets/asset_c60347c0de373fe817019620.svg");
    -webkit-transition:left 500ms;
    transition:left 500ms;
  }
  .pf {
    margin: 13px auto;
    box-shadow: 1px 1px 3px 1px #333;
    /* Needed by IE to make box-shadow works * https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/box-shadow */
    border-collapse: separate;
  }
  .pc.opened { /* used by pdf2htmlEX.js, to show/hide pages */
    -webkit-animation: fadein 100ms;
    animation: fadein 100ms; 
  }
  .loading-indicator.active {
    /* 
     * use 0.01s instead of 0s,
     * since YUI Compressor will change 0s to 0,
     * which is not recognized by Firefox
     */
    -webkit-animation: swing 1.5s ease-in-out 0.01s infinite alternate none;
    animation: swing 1.5s ease-in-out 0.01s infinite alternate none;
  }
  .checked {
    background: no-repeat url(scieee-document-assets/asset_58a067f15ffcfc2435a4b346.png);
  }
}
/* Fancy CSS END */





.ff0{font-family:sans-serif;visibility:hidden;}
@font-face{font-family:ff1;src:url('chunks/assets/font_7d3b0eadabec55d00c819eeb.woff2')format("woff");}.ff1{font-family:ff1;line-height:1.106934;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
@font-face{font-family:ff2;src:url('chunks/assets/font_90765c605a0ff714c394960f.woff2')format("woff");}.ff2{font-family:ff2;line-height:1.113281;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
@font-face{font-family:ff3;src:url('chunks/assets/font_46d3b06d050e12bbbb7e0939.woff2')format("woff");}.ff3{font-family:ff3;line-height:0.913086;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
@font-face{font-family:ff4;src:url('chunks/assets/font_475c73f665893693da2e45e3.woff2')format("woff");}.ff4{font-family:ff4;line-height:0.938477;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
.m0{transform:matrix(0.250000,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-ms-transform:matrix(0.250000,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-webkit-transform:matrix(0.250000,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);}
.v0{vertical-align:0.000000px;}
.ls1{letter-spacing:-0.014400px;}
.ls2{letter-spacing:0.000000px;}
.ls6{letter-spacing:0.000600px;}
.ls5{letter-spacing:0.007200px;}
.ls0{letter-spacing:0.014400px;}
.lsa{letter-spacing:0.036000px;}
.ls3{letter-spacing:3.297600px;}
.ls8{letter-spacing:5.587199px;}
.ls4{letter-spacing:8.856000px;}
.ls7{letter-spacing:13.881600px;}
.ls9{letter-spacing:25.891200px;}
.sc_{text-shadow:none;}
.sc0{text-shadow:-0.015em 0 transparent,0 0.015em transparent,0.015em 0 transparent,0 -0.015em  transparent;}
@media screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:0){
.sc_{-webkit-text-stroke:0px transparent;}
.sc0{-webkit-text-stroke:0.015em transparent;text-shadow:none;}
}
.ws0{word-spacing:-20.030400px;}
.ws2{word-spacing:-20.016000px;}
.ws3{word-spacing:-20.001600px;}
.ws4{word-spacing:-0.108000px;}
.ws1{word-spacing:0.000000px;}
._23{margin-left:-26.678340px;}
._22{margin-left:-25.161660px;}
._20{margin-left:-14.620140px;}
._1f{margin-left:-13.171860px;}
._1e{margin-left:-8.982720px;}
._21{margin-left:-5.422920px;}
._f{margin-left:-3.049800px;}
._18{margin-left:-1.022400px;}
._9{width:1.958400px;}
._2{width:3.825060px;}
._0{width:5.246940px;}
._5{width:7.079460px;}
._11{width:8.520480px;}
._7{width:9.628740px;}
._4{width:11.044800px;}
._a{width:12.074400px;}
._1{width:13.096800px;}
._b{width:14.169600px;}
._c{width:15.169740px;}
._14{width:16.480800px;}
._6{width:17.877600px;}
._19{width:18.892800px;}
._3{width:21.096000px;}
._e{width:22.550400px;}
._15{width:24.148800px;}
._12{width:25.200000px;}
._1a{width:26.280000px;}
._1b{width:27.468000px;}
._d{width:28.617540px;}
._16{width:30.448800px;}
._8{width:32.299200px;}
._1d{width:33.602400px;}
._25{width:34.912800px;}
._10{width:37.137600px;}
._24{width:39.394920px;}
._1c{width:40.560540px;}
._17{width:50.162400px;}
._13{width:51.163200px;}
._26{width:64.008000px;}
.fc0{color:rgb(0,0,0);}
.fs0{font-size:72.000000px;}
.y0{bottom:0.000000px;}
.y1{bottom:25.259985px;}
.y43{bottom:89.639910px;}
.y23{bottom:90.359910px;}
.y42{bottom:120.599910px;}
.y22{bottom:121.319895px;}
.y41{bottom:151.559865px;}
.y21{bottom:152.279865px;}
.y40{bottom:182.879865px;}
.y20{bottom:183.239865px;}
.y3f{bottom:213.839865px;}
.y1f{bottom:214.559865px;}
.y3e{bottom:244.799865px;}
.y1e{bottom:245.519865px;}
.y3d{bottom:275.759865px;}
.y1d{bottom:276.479865px;}
.y3c{bottom:307.079865px;}
.y1c{bottom:307.439865px;}
.y3b{bottom:338.039865px;}
.y1b{bottom:338.759865px;}
.y3a{bottom:368.999865px;}
.y1a{bottom:369.719865px;}
.y39{bottom:399.959865px;}
.y19{bottom:400.679865px;}
.y38{bottom:431.279865px;}
.y18{bottom:431.639865px;}
.y37{bottom:462.239865px;}
.y17{bottom:462.599865px;}
.y36{bottom:493.199865px;}
.y16{bottom:493.919865px;}
.y35{bottom:524.159865px;}
.y15{bottom:524.879865px;}
.y34{bottom:555.479865px;}
.y14{bottom:555.839865px;}
.y33{bottom:586.439865px;}
.y13{bottom:586.799865px;}
.y32{bottom:617.399865px;}
.y12{bottom:618.119865px;}
.y31{bottom:648.359865px;}
.y11{bottom:649.079865px;}
.y30{bottom:679.679865px;}
.y10{bottom:680.039865px;}
.y2f{bottom:710.639865px;}
.yf{bottom:710.999865px;}
.y2e{bottom:741.599865px;}
.ye{bottom:742.319865px;}
.y2d{bottom:772.559865px;}
.yd{bottom:773.279865px;}
.y2c{bottom:803.519865px;}
.yc{bottom:804.239865px;}
.y2b{bottom:834.839865px;}
.yb{bottom:835.199865px;}
.y2a{bottom:865.799865px;}
.ya{bottom:866.519865px;}
.y29{bottom:896.759865px;}
.y9{bottom:897.479865px;}
.y28{bottom:927.719865px;}
.y8{bottom:928.439865px;}
.y27{bottom:959.039865px;}
.y7{bottom:959.399865px;}
.y26{bottom:989.999865px;}
.y6{bottom:990.719865px;}
.y25{bottom:1020.959865px;}
.y5{bottom:1021.679865px;}
.y24{bottom:1052.279865px;}
.y4{bottom:1052.639865px;}
.y3{bottom:1083.599865px;}
.y2{bottom:1114.919865px;}
.h4{height:52.417969px;}
.h3{height:64.546875px;}
.h2{height:65.003906px;}
.h1{height:1212.479850px;}
.h0{height:1263.000000px;}
.w1{width:841.979850px;}
.w0{width:892.500000px;}
.x0{left:0.000000px;}
.x1{left:25.260000px;}
.x2{left:102.239865px;}
.x3{left:129.239850px;}
.x4{left:156.239850px;}
@media print{
.v0{vertical-align:0.000000pt;}
.ls1{letter-spacing:-0.012800pt;}
.ls2{letter-spacing:0.000000pt;}
.ls6{letter-spacing:0.000533pt;}
.ls5{letter-spacing:0.006400pt;}
.ls0{letter-spacing:0.012800pt;}
.lsa{letter-spacing:0.032000pt;}
.ls3{letter-spacing:2.931200pt;}
.ls8{letter-spacing:4.966399pt;}
.ls4{letter-spacing:7.872000pt;}
.ls7{letter-spacing:12.339200pt;}
.ls9{letter-spacing:23.014400pt;}
.ws0{word-spacing:-17.804800pt;}
.ws2{word-spacing:-17.792000pt;}
.ws3{word-spacing:-17.779200pt;}
.ws4{word-spacing:-0.096000pt;}
.ws1{word-spacing:0.000000pt;}
._23{margin-left:-23.714080pt;}
._22{margin-left:-22.365920pt;}
._20{margin-left:-12.995680pt;}
._1f{margin-left:-11.708320pt;}
._1e{margin-left:-7.984640pt;}
._21{margin-left:-4.820373pt;}
._f{margin-left:-2.710933pt;}
._18{margin-left:-0.908800pt;}
._9{width:1.740800pt;}
._2{width:3.400053pt;}
._0{width:4.663947pt;}
._5{width:6.292853pt;}
._11{width:7.573760pt;}
._7{width:8.558880pt;}
._4{width:9.817600pt;}
._a{width:10.732800pt;}
._1{width:11.641600pt;}
._b{width:12.595200pt;}
._c{width:13.484213pt;}
._14{width:14.649600pt;}
._6{width:15.891200pt;}
._19{width:16.793600pt;}
._3{width:18.752000pt;}
._e{width:20.044800pt;}
._15{width:21.465600pt;}
._12{width:22.400000pt;}
._1a{width:23.360000pt;}
._1b{width:24.416000pt;}
._d{width:25.437813pt;}
._16{width:27.065600pt;}
._8{width:28.710400pt;}
._1d{width:29.868800pt;}
._25{width:31.033600pt;}
._10{width:33.011200pt;}
._24{width:35.017707pt;}
._1c{width:36.053813pt;}
._17{width:44.588800pt;}
._13{width:45.478400pt;}
._26{width:56.896000pt;}
.fs0{font-size:64.000000pt;}
.y0{bottom:0.000000pt;}
.y1{bottom:22.453320pt;}
.y43{bottom:79.679920pt;}
.y23{bottom:80.319920pt;}
.y42{bottom:107.199920pt;}
.y22{bottom:107.839907pt;}
.y41{bottom:134.719880pt;}
.y21{bottom:135.359880pt;}
.y40{bottom:162.559880pt;}
.y20{bottom:162.879880pt;}
.y3f{bottom:190.079880pt;}
.y1f{bottom:190.719880pt;}
.y3e{bottom:217.599880pt;}
.y1e{bottom:218.239880pt;}
.y3d{bottom:245.119880pt;}
.y1d{bottom:245.759880pt;}
.y3c{bottom:272.959880pt;}
.y1c{bottom:273.279880pt;}
.y3b{bottom:300.479880pt;}
.y1b{bottom:301.119880pt;}
.y3a{bottom:327.999880pt;}
.y1a{bottom:328.639880pt;}
.y39{bottom:355.519880pt;}
.y19{bottom:356.159880pt;}
.y38{bottom:383.359880pt;}
.y18{bottom:383.679880pt;}
.y37{bottom:410.879880pt;}
.y17{bottom:411.199880pt;}
.y36{bottom:438.399880pt;}
.y16{bottom:439.039880pt;}
.y35{bottom:465.919880pt;}
.y15{bottom:466.559880pt;}
.y34{bottom:493.759880pt;}
.y14{bottom:494.079880pt;}
.y33{bottom:521.279880pt;}
.y13{bottom:521.599880pt;}
.y32{bottom:548.799880pt;}
.y12{bottom:549.439880pt;}
.y31{bottom:576.319880pt;}
.y11{bottom:576.959880pt;}
.y30{bottom:604.159880pt;}
.y10{bottom:604.479880pt;}
.y2f{bottom:631.679880pt;}
.yf{bottom:631.999880pt;}
.y2e{bottom:659.199880pt;}
.ye{bottom:659.839880pt;}
.y2d{bottom:686.719880pt;}
.yd{bottom:687.359880pt;}
.y2c{bottom:714.239880pt;}
.yc{bottom:714.879880pt;}
.y2b{bottom:742.079880pt;}
.yb{bottom:742.399880pt;}
.y2a{bottom:769.599880pt;}
.ya{bottom:770.239880pt;}
.y29{bottom:797.119880pt;}
.y9{bottom:797.759880pt;}
.y28{bottom:824.639880pt;}
.y8{bottom:825.279880pt;}
.y27{bottom:852.479880pt;}
.y7{bottom:852.799880pt;}
.y26{bottom:879.999880pt;}
.y6{bottom:880.639880pt;}
.y25{bottom:907.519880pt;}
.y5{bottom:908.159880pt;}
.y24{bottom:935.359880pt;}
.y4{bottom:935.679880pt;}
.y3{bottom:963.199880pt;}
.y2{bottom:991.039880pt;}
.h4{height:46.593750pt;}
.h3{height:57.375000pt;}
.h2{height:57.781250pt;}
.h1{height:1077.759867pt;}
.h0{height:1122.666667pt;}
.w1{width:748.426533pt;}
.w0{width:793.333333pt;}
.x0{left:0.000000pt;}
.x1{left:22.453333pt;}
.x2{left:90.879880pt;}
.x3{left:114.879867pt;}
.x4{left:138.879867pt;}
}




    .paper-inline-ad { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 13px auto; max-width: 100%; min-height: 120px; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb; overflow: hidden; }
    .paper-inline-ad-label { padding: 6px 10px 0 10px; font: 10px system-ui, sans-serif; color: #9ca3af; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .04em; }
    .paper-inline-ad-slot { min-height: 100px; }
    .paper-inline-ad--internal { padding: 0; }
    .paper-internal-promo { padding: 14px 16px 16px 16px; font: 13px system-ui, sans-serif; line-height: 1.45; color: #374151; }
    .paper-internal-promo-title { font-size: 17px; font-weight: 800; color: #111827; margin-bottom: 7px; }
    .paper-internal-promo-body { margin-bottom: 12px; }
    .paper-internal-promo-actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; }
    .paper-internal-promo-actions a { display: inline-block; padding: 7px 10px; border: 1px solid #d1d5db; border-radius: 8px; text-decoration: none; color: #111827; background: #f9fafb; font-weight: 700; }
  